Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the phenomenon when two waves combine to form a new wave?

• A. Diffraction
• B. Interference
• C. Refraction
• D. Dispersion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Interference. Interference is the term used to describe the phenomenon when two waves combine to form a new wave. When waves interact constructively or destructively, they interfere with each other, resulting in a new wave pattern. Choice A, Diffraction, refers to the bending of waves around obstacles, not the combination of waves. Choice C, Refraction, is the bending of waves as they pass from one medium to another, not the combination of waves. Choice D, Dispersion, is the separation of light into its different colors, not the combination of waves.

2. How many mL of a 0 M stock solution of HCl should be added to water to create 250 mL of a 50 M solution of HCl?

• A. 31.25 mL
• B. 32 mL
• C. 30 mL
• D. 31.3 mL

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To prepare 250 mL of a 50 M solution of HCl, the formula V1 x C1 = V2 x C2 is used, where V1 is the volume of the stock solution, C1 is the concentration of the stock solution, V2 is the final volume of the desired solution, and C2 is the final concentration of the desired solution. Given V1 x 0 M = 250 mL x 50 M, solving for V1 results in V1 = (250 mL x 50 M) / 0 M = 32 mL. Therefore, 32 mL of the 0 M stock solution of HCl needs to be added to water to create a 250 mL solution of 50 M HCl. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not represent the accurate volume required for the dilution calculation based on the given concentrations and volumes in the problem.

3. What is the relationship between force and acceleration according to Newton's second law?

• A. Force is directly proportional to acceleration
• B. Force is inversely proportional to acceleration
• C. Force has no relation to acceleration
• D. Force causes deceleration, not acceleration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. This relationship is mathematically expressed as F = ma, where F represents force, m represents mass, and a represents acceleration. Therefore, an increase in force will result in a proportional increase in acceleration, supporting the statement that force is directly proportional to acceleration. Choice B is incorrect as it suggests an inverse relationship, which is not consistent with Newton's second law. Choice C is incorrect because force and acceleration are indeed related as per Newton's second law. Choice D is incorrect as force can cause acceleration or deceleration depending on the direction of the force relative to the motion of the object, but it does not exclusively cause deceleration.

4. Which of the following is responsible for carrying electrical impulses in the nervous system?

• A. Platelets
• B. Neurons
• C. Red blood cells
• D. White blood cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Neurons are the correct answer as they are specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit electrical impulses throughout the body. Neurons have structures like axons and dendrites that enable the transmission of electrical signals. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting, red blood cells carry oxygen, and white blood cells are part of the immune system; however, none of these cell types play a role in carrying electrical impulses in the nervous system.

5. Which of the following is a major factor influencing the distribution of organisms geographically?

• A. The availability of specific types of food sources
• B. Tolerance of organisms to different temperature ranges
• C. Competition for mates within the same species
• D. All of the above

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The distribution of organisms geographically is influenced by various factors. The availability of specific types of food sources is crucial as organisms need suitable food sources to survive and thrive in an area. Tolerance of organisms to different temperature ranges is also important, as temperature impacts where species can live. Organisms must withstand temperature conditions to survive. Competition for mates within the same species affects population sizes and dynamics in different areas. Therefore, all these factors collectively influence the distribution of organisms geographically. Choice D, 'All of the above,' is the correct answer because each of the factors mentioned (availability of food sources, tolerance to temperature ranges, and competition for mates) plays a significant role in determining the distribution of organisms in different geographical locations. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they each only represent one specific factor that influences distribution, whereas the correct answer encompasses all the major factors mentioned.

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