Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following are the abdominal quadrants?

• A. RUQ, RLQ, LLQ, LUQ
• B. RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ
• C. LUQ, RUQ, LLQ, RLQ
• D. LLQ, LUQ, RUQ, RLQ

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: RUQ, LUQ, RLQ, LLQ. The four abdominal quadrants are named as follows: Right Upper Quadrant (RUQ), Left Upper Quadrant (LUQ), Right Lower Quadrant (RLQ), and Left Lower Quadrant (LLQ). These quadrants are used in healthcare to describe specific areas of the abdomen during assessments and discussions related to abdominal anatomy and pathology. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not follow the standard order of the abdominal quadrants.

2. In a covalent bond, the shared electrons:

• A. Are completely transferred to one atom.
• B. Spend more time closer to the more electronegative atom.
• C. Remain equidistant between the two atoms.
• D. Do not influence the bond strength.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In a covalent bond, the shared electrons spend more time closer to the more electronegative atom. Electronegativity is the ability of an atom to attract electrons in a chemical bond. The more electronegative atom exerts a stronger pull on the shared electrons, causing them to be closer to that atom. Choice A is incorrect because in a covalent bond, electrons are shared, not completely transferred. Choice C is incorrect as the shared electrons are not equidistant but are closer to one atom due to electronegativity differences. Choice D is incorrect because shared electrons play a significant role in determining the bond strength by the strength of the bond formed through electron sharing.

3. What is the primary function of the small intestine?

• A. To absorb water
• B. To absorb nutrients
• C. To store waste
• D. To produce enzymes

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: "To absorb nutrients." The small intestine's primary function is to absorb nutrients from digested food. It plays a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals, which are essential for the body's functions and energy production. Choice A, "To absorb water," is incorrect because the absorption of water primarily occurs in the large intestine. Choice C, "To store waste," is incorrect as waste is stored in the large intestine before elimination. Choice D, "To produce enzymes," is incorrect because while the small intestine does receive enzymes from other organs to aid in digestion, its primary role is not enzyme production.

4. When defending a scientific argument, which technique is most effective?

• A. Citing other scientists who agree with your argument.
• B. Showing the results of scientific experiments that support your argument.
• C. Describing your scientific credentials, education, and past accomplishments.
• D. Pointing out that no one has come up with a proven alternative explanation.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The most effective technique when defending a scientific argument is to show the results of scientific experiments that support your argument. In the realm of science, evidence-based support is crucial. By presenting concrete data and experimental results, you provide a convincing and reliable foundation for your argument. This method allows others to review, replicate, and verify the findings, thus strengthening the credibility of your position. Choices A, C, and D are not as effective as choice B because citing other scientists who agree with your argument (Choice A) may not carry the same weight as empirical evidence, describing your scientific credentials, education, and past accomplishments (Choice C) may not directly address the validity of your argument, and pointing out that no one has come up with a proven alternative explanation (Choice D) does not provide direct evidence supporting your argument.

5. Which of the following immune cells are part of the innate immune response?

• A. B-cells
• B. Cytotoxic T-cells
• C. Natural Killer cells
• D. Antigen-Presenting Cells

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Natural Killer cells are a crucial component of the innate immune response. They play a significant role in defending against infected or cancerous cells through their ability to identify and kill abnormal cells. B-cells (Choice A) and Cytotoxic T-cells (Choice B) are part of the adaptive immune response, which involves a more specific and targeted response to pathogens. Antigen-Presenting Cells (Choice D) are also part of the adaptive immune response, where they present antigens to activate other immune cells.

Similar Questions