ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Test 7 science
1. Which property of a wave is measured in Hertz (Hz)?
- A. Amplitude
- B. Wavelength
- C. Speed
- D. Frequency
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Frequency is the property of a wave that is measured in Hertz (Hz). It represents the number of complete cycles of the wave that occur in one second. Amplitude refers to the height of the wave, wavelength is the distance between two consecutive points on a wave that are in phase, and speed is the rate at which the wave travels through a medium. Therefore, the correct answer is frequency as it directly corresponds to the unit Hertz (Hz) used to measure the number of wave cycles per second.
2. The body's first line of defense against pathogens is the innate immune system. Which of the following is NOT a component of the innate immune system?
- A. Physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes
- B. Phagocytes that engulf and destroy pathogens
- C. Inflammatory response to isolate and contain infection
- D. Production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The production of antibodies specific to a particular pathogen is a function of the adaptive immune system, not the innate immune system. The innate immune system provides immediate, non-specific defense mechanisms against pathogens, including physical barriers, phagocytes, and inflammatory responses. Choices A, B, and C are all correct components of the innate immune system. Physical barriers like skin and mucous membranes act as the first line of defense, preventing pathogens from entering the body. Phagocytes are specialized cells that engulf and destroy pathogens, while the inflammatory response helps isolate and contain infections to prevent their spread.
3. Which of the following substances can donate a hydroxide ion (OH-) in solution?
- A. Salt
- B. Base
- C. Neutral compound
- D. Dehydrating agent
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Base. A base is a substance that can donate hydroxide ions (OH-) in solution. Bases increase the concentration of hydroxide ions by either accepting protons (H+) or donating hydroxide ions. Salts are ionic compounds made of cations and anions, which do not directly donate hydroxide ions. Neutral compounds do not significantly affect the concentration of hydroxide ions. Dehydrating agents are substances that remove water molecules from other compounds, unrelated to donating hydroxide ions.
4. What is the process of copying DNA called?
- A. Transcription
- B. Translation
- C. Replication
- D. Mutation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Replication. Replication is the process of making an identical copy of DNA. During replication, the DNA double helix unwinds, and each strand serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand, resulting in two identical DNA molecules. Transcription (choice A) involves the synthesis of mRNA from a DNA template, not the direct copying of DNA. Translation (choice B) is the process of converting mRNA into a sequence of amino acids to form a protein, not copying DNA. Mutation (choice D) refers to changes in the DNA sequence, which can occur during replication but is not the process of copying DNA itself.
5. What is the name of the master gland that regulates the function of many other endocrine glands?
- A. Thyroid gland
- B. Pituitary gland
- C. Hypothalamus
- D. Adrenal gland
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The pituitary gland is commonly referred to as the master gland because it controls the functions of numerous other endocrine glands in the body. It secretes various hormones that are essential for regulating processes like growth, metabolism, reproduction, and stress response. The thyroid gland (Choice A) primarily regulates metabolism and does not oversee other endocrine glands. The hypothalamus (Choice C) plays a role in regulating the pituitary gland but is not the master gland. The adrenal gland (Choice D) produces hormones related to stress response but is not considered the master gland that regulates other endocrine glands.
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