ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science practice
1. Which hormone, produced by the pancreas, is involved in the regulation of blood sugar levels by inhibiting the release of insulin and promoting the release of glucose into the bloodstream?
- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. Cortisol
- D. Somatostatin
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Somatostatin. Somatostatin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by inhibiting the release of insulin and promoting the release of glucose into the bloodstream. It acts as a counterbalance to insulin, preventing excess insulin secretion and ensuring the availability of glucose when needed. Therefore, somatostatin helps maintain blood sugar balance in the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels, while glucagon and cortisol have roles that differ from the functions described in the question.
2. Which of the following structures in the male reproductive system produces the fluid that carries sperm?
- A. Testes
- B. Scrotum
- C. Prostate gland
- D. Seminal vesicles
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The seminal vesicles in the male reproductive system are responsible for producing the fluid that carries sperm. These glands contribute a significant portion of the semen's volume, providing nutrients and protection for the sperm, which helps in their motility and survival. The testes are responsible for producing sperm cells, not the fluid that carries them. The scrotum is the external sac that holds the testes and helps regulate their temperature but does not produce the fluid. The prostate gland produces a milky fluid that helps nourish and protect sperm but is not the main structure responsible for producing the fluid that carries sperm.
3. What are the differences between RNA and DNA?
- A. Both have the same structure and function.
- B. RNA is single-stranded, while DNA is double-stranded.
- C. RNA contains ribose sugar, while DNA contains deoxyribose sugar.
- D. RNA has adenine and guanine, while DNA has thymine and cytosine.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: A) This statement is incorrect. RNA and DNA have different structures and functions. RNA is involved in protein synthesis and other cellular processes, while DNA stores genetic information. B) This statement is correct. RNA is typically single-stranded, while DNA is double-stranded, forming a double helix structure. C) This statement is correct. RNA contains ribose sugar in its backbone, while DNA contains deoxyribose sugar. D) This statement is incorrect. RNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil, while DNA contains adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Choice B is the correct answer as it accurately describes one of the key differences between RNA and DNA, emphasizing their structural disparity in terms of single-strandedness for RNA and double-strandedness for DNA. Choices A, C, and D contain inaccuracies regarding the structural and compositional distinctions between RNA and DNA, making them incorrect choices.
4. Which term describes the ability of a muscle to return to its original length and shape after being stretched or contracted?
- A. Contractility
- B. Elasticity
- C. Extensibility
- D. Excitability
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Elasticity is the correct term that describes the ability of a muscle to return to its original length and shape after being stretched or contracted. Contractility refers to the ability of a muscle to contract or shorten. Extensibility is the ability of a muscle to be stretched. Excitability is the ability of a muscle to receive and respond to stimuli. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Elasticity' as it specifically relates to the muscle's ability to regain its original form.
5. What happens during a physical change in matter?
- A. A new substance with different properties is formed
- B. The chemical composition of the substance changes
- C. The original substance can be recovered by physical means
- D. Energy is either released or absorbed
Correct answer: C
Rationale: During a physical change in matter, the original substance undergoes a change in its physical state or appearance without any change in its chemical composition. This means that the original substance can be recovered by physical means, such as melting, freezing, boiling, or condensing. No new substance is formed (option A), the chemical composition remains the same (option B), and energy changes can occur but are not a defining characteristic of a physical change (option D). The ability to recover the original substance by physical means distinguishes physical changes from chemical changes.
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