ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science practice
1. Which hormone, produced by the pancreas, is involved in the regulation of blood sugar levels by inhibiting the release of insulin and promoting the release of glucose into the bloodstream?
- A. Insulin
- B. Glucagon
- C. Cortisol
- D. Somatostatin
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Somatostatin. Somatostatin is a hormone produced by the pancreas that plays a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels by inhibiting the release of insulin and promoting the release of glucose into the bloodstream. It acts as a counterbalance to insulin, preventing excess insulin secretion and ensuring the availability of glucose when needed. Therefore, somatostatin helps maintain blood sugar balance in the body. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. Insulin is responsible for lowering blood sugar levels, while glucagon and cortisol have roles that differ from the functions described in the question.
2. During inhalation, which muscle contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing air to flow into the lungs?
- A. Diaphragm
- B. Intercostal muscles
- C. Abdominal muscles
- D. Pectoral muscles
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The diaphragm is the primary muscle responsible for inhalation. When it contracts, it moves downward, increasing the volume of the thoracic cavity and creating a pressure gradient that allows air to flow into the lungs. While the intercostal muscles also play a role in expanding the chest cavity during inhalation, the diaphragm is the main muscle involved in this process. Abdominal muscles and pectoral muscles are not directly involved in the process of inhalation.
3. Which respiratory structure is responsible for vocalization and sound production?
- A. Trachea
- B. Larynx
- C. Bronchi
- D. Alveoli
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Larynx. The larynx, also known as the voice box, is the respiratory structure responsible for vocalization and sound production. It contains the vocal cords, which vibrate as air passes through, producing sound. The trachea (A) connects the larynx to the bronchi. While the trachea serves as the windpipe, it is not directly involved in sound production. Bronchi (C) are airway passages that branch off from the trachea and lead to the lungs, but they are not responsible for vocalization. Alveoli (D) are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs, but they are not involved in sound production.
4. What is the function of the Golgi apparatus?
- A. Breaking down and recycling cellular waste
- B. Packaging and transporting proteins and lipids
- C. Generating energy through cellular respiration
- D. Translating DNA into proteins
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus plays a crucial role in the cell by packaging and modifying proteins and lipids synthesized by the endoplasmic reticulum. These proteins and lipids are then transported to their final destinations within the cell or outside of it. The Golgi apparatus does not break down and recycle cellular waste, generate energy through cellular respiration, or translate DNA into proteins. Its primary function is related to processing and sorting molecules for cellular use.
5. What is the relationship between the speed of a wave, its frequency, and wavelength in a given medium?
- A. Speed = Frequency × Wavelength
- B. Speed = Frequency ÷ Wavelength
- C. Speed = Frequency + Wavelength
- D. Speed = Frequency - Wavelength
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The speed of a wave in a given medium is determined by the product of its frequency and wavelength. This relationship is described by the formula: Speed = Frequency × Wavelength. When a wave travels through a medium, the speed at which it propagates is directly proportional to both its frequency and wavelength. Therefore, to calculate the speed of the wave, you multiply the frequency of the wave by its wavelength. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because speed is not determined by division, addition, or subtraction of frequency and wavelength; instead, it is determined by their multiplication in the given medium.
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