ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science practice
1. The kidneys are bean-shaped organs responsible for filtering waste products from the blood. What is the main nitrogenous waste product the kidneys eliminate?
- A. Carbon dioxide
- B. Ammonia
- C. Urea
- D. Glucose
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, urea. Urea is the main nitrogenous waste product eliminated by the kidneys. It is produced in the liver from protein metabolism and excreted in urine. Carbon dioxide is eliminated through the lungs as a waste product of cellular respiration and not by the kidneys. Ammonia, a toxic waste product, is converted to urea in the liver before being excreted by the kidneys. Glucose is a sugar that is reabsorbed by the kidneys and not excreted as waste.
2. A car brakes to a stop on a level road. Which of the following forces does NOT do work on the car?
- A. The braking force applied by the wheels
- B. The normal force from the road
- C. The gravitational force on the car
- D. The friction force between the tires and the road
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The normal force from the road does not do work on the car because it is perpendicular to the direction of motion. Work is defined as force applied in the direction of motion, so the normal force, which acts perpendicular to the motion of the car, does not contribute to the work done on the car. The braking force applied by the wheels, the gravitational force on the car, and the friction force between the tires and the road all act in the direction of motion and contribute to the work done on the car. In this scenario, the normal force is supporting the weight of the car and keeping it from sinking into the road, but it does not transfer energy to the car as it moves.
3. What is the shape of the DNA molecule?
- A. Linear
- B. Circular
- C. Double helix
- D. Straight chain
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Double helix. The shape of the DNA molecule is a double helix, a structure first described by James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953. This shape consists of two strands twisted around each other in a spiral. The double helix structure allows DNA to be compactly stored within the cell nucleus and provides stability to the molecule. Options (A) Linear, (B) Circular, and (D) Straight chain are incorrect as they do not accurately represent the shape of the DNA molecule. DNA is not linear but rather forms a twisted double helix; it is not circular like a ring but has a spiral structure, and it is not a straight chain but a twisted ladder-like structure.
4. What is the external body covering, providing protection and contributing to temperature regulation, composed of?
- A. Muscle tissue
- B. Epithelial tissue (skin)
- C. Bone marrow
- D. Cartilage
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The external body covering, which is the skin, is composed of epithelial tissue. Epithelial tissue serves as a protective barrier against pathogens, chemicals, and physical damage. It also helps regulate body temperature through processes like sweating. Choice A (Muscle tissue) is incorrect as muscles are responsible for movement and not the external body covering. Choice C (Bone marrow) is incorrect as it is a component of the skeletal system and not the external body covering. Choice D (Cartilage) is incorrect as cartilage is a type of connective tissue found in joints and the structure of some body parts, not the external body covering.
5. What is the process by which RNA molecules are modified after transcription but before translation?
- A. Replication
- B. Splicing
- C. Editing
- D. Packaging
Correct answer: B
Rationale: B) Splicing is the correct answer. Splicing is the process by which non-coding regions (introns) are removed from pre-mRNA, and the remaining coding regions (exons) are joined together to form mature mRNA. This modification occurs after transcription but before translation. A) Replication is incorrect as replication is the process by which DNA is copied to produce a new DNA molecule, not RNA modifications. C) Editing may involve RNA editing, but it is not commonly used to describe the modification of RNA molecules after transcription. D) Packaging is not the correct term as it refers to the condensation and organization of DNA into chromatin in eukaryotic cells, not the modification of RNA molecules.
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