ATI TEAS 7
Practice Science TEAS Test
1. Which structure in the ear is responsible for maintaining balance?
- A. Cochlea
- B. Semicircular canals
- C. Eardrum
- D. Auditory nerve
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the semicircular canals. These structures in the inner ear are responsible for maintaining balance and equilibrium by detecting rotational movements of the head. The cochlea is responsible for hearing as it contains the sensory cells for detecting sound vibrations, the eardrum is a membrane that transmits sound waves to the middle ear, and the auditory nerve carries sound signals from the cochlea to the brain for processing. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not primarily associated with maintaining balance.
2. Which of the following water-soluble vitamins is NOT synthesized in the large intestine?
- A. B6
- B. Biotin
- C. Pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5)
- D. Vitamin K
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: B6. Vitamin B6 is not synthesized in the large intestine, while biotin, pantothenic acid (Vitamin B5), and Vitamin K can be synthesized by gut microflora. Biotin, B5, and K are examples of water-soluble vitamins that can be produced in the large intestine, but B6 needs to be obtained through dietary sources. Therefore, B6 is the correct answer as it is not synthesized within the large intestine, unlike the other options.
3. Which of the following glands is responsible for regulating metabolism?
- A. Thymus
- B. Pituitary
- C. Pancreas
- D. Thyroid
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Thyroid. The thyroid gland is responsible for regulating metabolism by producing thyroid hormones. These hormones play a crucial role in controlling various metabolic processes in the body, including energy production and utilization. Choice A, Thymus, is not responsible for regulating metabolism but plays a role in the immune system. Choice B, Pituitary, regulates various hormones but not specifically focused on metabolism. Choice C, Pancreas, is involved in insulin production and blood sugar regulation but is not primarily responsible for regulating metabolism.
4. Blood is carried away from the heart in large vessels known as which of the following?
- A. Arteries
- B. Arterioles
- C. Veins
- D. Venules
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Arteries. Arteries are the large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to various parts of the body. They have thick, muscular walls to withstand the high pressure generated by the heart's pumping action. Choice B, Arterioles, are smaller branches of arteries that further divide into capillaries. Choice C, Veins, carry blood back to the heart and have thinner walls compared to arteries. Choice D, Venules, are smaller veins that collect blood from capillaries and merge into larger veins.
5. What is the end product of glycolysis?
- A. Lactic acid
- B. ATP
- C. NADPH
- D. Pyruvic acid
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pyruvic acid. The end product of glycolysis is pyruvic acid, not lactic acid, ATP, or NADPH. Pyruvic acid is a key intermediary in cellular respiration and can be further metabolized to produce energy through processes like the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Lactic acid is produced in the absence of oxygen during fermentation, ATP is a product of cellular respiration but not the direct end product of glycolysis, and NADPH is generated in other metabolic pathways such as the pentose phosphate pathway, not in glycolysis.
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