ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 Science Practice Test
1. Which of the following is a dense, interconnected mass of nerve cells located outside the central nervous system?
- A. ganglion
- B. dendrite
- C. cranial nerve
- D. pons
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A ganglion is a dense, interconnected mass of nerve cells located outside the central nervous system. Ganglia serve as relay points where nerve cells communicate and integrate signals. They are found along peripheral nerves, processing sensory information and coordinating motor responses. Choice B, dendrite, refers to a part of a neuron that receives signals, not a mass of nerve cells. Choice C, cranial nerve, is a bundle of nerves that emerge from the brain, not a mass of nerve cells. Choice D, pons, is a part of the brainstem, which is within the central nervous system, not located outside of it.
2. Which of the following describes the path through which air moves during inhalation?
- A. mouth/nose > pharynx > larynx > trachea > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli
- B. bronchioles > alveoli > bronchi > larynx > pharynx > lungs
- C. mouth/nose > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli > lungs > trachea
- D. alveoli > bronchioles > lungs > bronchi > trachea > larynx > pharynx > mouth/nose
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct path through which air moves during inhalation is from the mouth/nose > pharynx > larynx > trachea > bronchi > bronchioles > alveoli. This sequence accurately represents the typical route air takes as it travels from the external environment into the lungs to facilitate gas exchange in the alveoli. Choice B is incorrect as it reverses the order of bronchioles and alveoli. Choice C is incorrect as it starts with mouth/nose but then incorrectly lists lungs before trachea. Choice D is incorrect as it reverses the entire sequence of the respiratory pathway, starting with alveoli instead of mouth/nose.
3. Which of the following is NOT a tissue layer found in skeletal bone?
- A. periosteum
- B. bone marrow
- C. enamel
- D. cancellous bone
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Enamel is a hard, outer layer that covers the crown of a tooth and is not a tissue layer found in skeletal bone. The other options, periosteum, bone marrow, and cancellous bone, are all tissue layers or components found in skeletal bone. Periosteum is the connective tissue layer covering the bone surface, bone marrow is found within the bone cavities, and cancellous bone is a spongy, porous bone tissue.
4. Bone is primarily composed of which of the following inorganic materials?
- A. calcium
- B. magnesium
- C. collagen
- D. potassium
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Bone is primarily composed of calcium, making up about 70% of its inorganic content. Calcium is essential for bone strength and structure, playing a key role in maintaining bone health. Choice B, magnesium, while important for bone health, is found in smaller amounts in bones compared to calcium. Choice C, collagen, is a protein and is a major organic component of bone, not an inorganic material. Choice D, potassium, is an essential mineral for various bodily functions but is not a primary inorganic material found in bones.
5. Which of the following describes how atomic radius varies across the periodic table?
- A. Atomic radius increases from top to bottom and left to right on the periodic table.
- B. Atomic radius increases from top to bottom and right to left on the periodic table.
- C. Atomic radius increases from top to bottom and toward the halogens on the periodic table.
- D. Atomic radius increases from top to bottom and toward the noble gases on the periodic table.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Atomic radius tends to increase from top to bottom and left to right on the periodic table. This is because as you move down a group (top to bottom), new energy levels are added, increasing the distance of the outer electrons from the nucleus and thus increasing the size of the atom. On the other hand, as you move from left to right across a period, the number of protons and electrons increases, leading to a stronger nuclear charge that attracts the electrons closer to the nucleus, resulting in smaller atomic radii. Choice B is incorrect as atomic radius does not increase from right to left. Choices C and D are incorrect as they incorrectly associate the trend with specific groups of elements (halogens and noble gases) rather than the general trend observed on the periodic table.
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