ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science quizlet
1. What is the relationship between genetic drift and the founder effect?
- A. Founder effect is a cause of genetic drift within a small population
- B. Genetic drift is a cause of the founder effect in new populations
- C. They are the same phenomenon with different names
- D. They are unrelated concepts.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: - The founder effect is a specific type of genetic drift that occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to a loss of genetic variation. - Genetic drift, on the other hand, is a broader concept that refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population over time due to chance events. - Therefore, the founder effect is a specific scenario within the broader concept of genetic drift, where the establishment of a new population by a small number of individuals leads to genetic changes in the population.
2. Which hormone, produced by the pituitary gland, stimulates the production of milk in mammary glands during breastfeeding?
- A. Growth hormone (GH)
- B. Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
- C. Prolactin
- D. Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Prolactin is the hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the production of milk in mammary glands during breastfeeding. It plays a crucial role in lactation by promoting the development of mammary tissue and the production of milk. Growth hormone (GH), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) do not directly stimulate milk production in mammary glands. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect in the context of stimulating milk production during breastfeeding.
3. A routine urinalysis is a common diagnostic test. What does a urinalysis typically evaluate?
- A. Blood sugar levels
- B. Presence of white blood cells (indicating possible infection)
- C. Kidney function
- D. All of the above
Correct answer: D
Rationale: A routine urinalysis evaluates multiple components of urine, including blood sugar levels, the presence of white blood cells indicating a possible infection, and kidney function. Blood sugar levels are assessed to monitor for conditions like diabetes. The presence of white blood cells is checked to detect possible urinary tract infections. Kidney function is evaluated by assessing markers like creatinine and protein levels. Therefore, all of the above options are typically evaluated in a urinalysis, making choice D the correct answer.
4. What is the formula for calculating molarity?
- A. M = n/V
- B. M = n/L
- C. M = mol/L
- D. M = mol/dm³
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct formula for calculating molarity is M = n/V. In this formula, 'M' represents molarity, 'n' represents the number of moles of solute, and 'V' represents the volume of the solution in liters. Molarity is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution, hence the ratio of moles to volume. Choice B, 'M = n/L', is incorrect because 'L' should represent liters instead of the number of moles. Choice C, 'M = mol/L', is incorrect as it does not include the representation of the number of moles 'n'. Choice D, 'M = mol/dm³', is incorrect because 'dm³' is a volume unit equal to a liter, but the correct representation should be in terms of the volume of the solution in liters. Therefore, the correct answer is M = n/V.
5. What is the difference between heat and temperature?
- A. They are the same thing.
- B. Heat is a form of energy, while temperature measures the average kinetic energy of particles.
- C. Heat flows from cold to hot, while temperature flows from hot to cold.
- D. Heat is measured in Celsius, while temperature is measured in Joules.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Heat and temperature are distinct concepts. Heat is a form of energy that transfers from a higher temperature object to a lower temperature object, while temperature represents the average kinetic energy of particles in a substance. Heat is quantified in units like Joules or calories, whereas temperature is typically gauged in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit. Therefore, choice B correctly distinguishes between heat and temperature, making it the correct answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately define the difference between heat and temperature. Choice A erroneously suggests they are the same, choice C confuses the direction of heat and temperature flow, and choice D provides inaccurate units for measuring heat and temperature.
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