ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science quizlet
1. Which condition is characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach?
- A. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
- B. Diverticulitis
- C. Ulcerative colitis
- D. Gastritis
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Gastritis is the correct answer as it is characterized by inflammation of the inner lining of the stomach. This inflammation can be caused by various factors such as excessive alcohol consumption, prolonged use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), infections, or autoimmune diseases. Symptoms of gastritis may include abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and loss of appetite. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is incorrect because it involves the backflow of stomach acid into the esophagus, leading to symptoms like heartburn and regurgitation, not inflammation of the stomach lining. Diverticulitis refers to inflammation or infection of small pouches that can form in the walls of the colon, not the stomach. Ulcerative colitis is a type of inflammatory bowel disease characterized by inflammation and ulcers in the colon and rectum, not the stomach lining.
2. Two objects with equal masses collide head-on, both initially moving at the same speed. After the collision, they stick together. What is their final velocity?
- A. Zero
- B. Half their initial velocity
- C. Their initial velocity
- D. Twice their initial velocity
Correct answer: C
Rationale: In an inelastic collision where two objects stick together after colliding, momentum is conserved. Since the two objects have equal masses and equal initial velocities but opposite directions, their momenta cancel out. Therefore, after the collision, the combined mass will move at the same speed as the initial velocity, but in the direction of one of the objects. Choice A ('Zero') is incorrect because momentum is conserved, and the objects must move after the collision. Choice B ('Half their initial velocity') is incorrect as the final velocity is the same as the initial velocity due to momentum conservation. Choice D ('Twice their initial velocity') is incorrect as the final velocity cannot be twice the initial velocity based on the conservation of momentum principle.
3. What is the relationship between genetic drift and the founder effect?
- A. Founder effect is a cause of genetic drift within a small population
- B. Genetic drift is a cause of the founder effect in new populations
- C. They are the same phenomenon with different names
- D. They are unrelated concepts.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: - The founder effect is a specific type of genetic drift that occurs when a small group of individuals establishes a new population, leading to a loss of genetic variation. - Genetic drift, on the other hand, is a broader concept that refers to random changes in allele frequencies in a population over time due to chance events. - Therefore, the founder effect is a specific scenario within the broader concept of genetic drift, where the establishment of a new population by a small number of individuals leads to genetic changes in the population.
4. What causes stretch marks?
- A. The epidermis layer becomes inflamed
- B. The dermis layer becomes inflamed
- C. The dermis layer tears due to rapid stretching
- D. Sebaceous glands become clogged
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Stretch marks occur when the dermis layer tears due to rapid stretching of the skin. This tearing leads to the appearance of stretch marks, which are often red or purple at first and then fade to a silvery-white color over time. Inflammation of the dermis or clogging of sebaceous glands are not directly related to the formation of stretch marks. Therefore, choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not describe the actual cause of stretch marks.
5. Histamine, released during an allergic reaction, causes symptoms like:
- A. Fever and fatigue
- B. Runny nose and itchiness
- C. Muscle aches and joint pain
- D. Cough and shortness of breath
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Histamine is a chemical released by the immune system during an allergic reaction. It is responsible for causing symptoms such as a runny nose, itchiness, sneezing, and watery eyes. These symptoms are commonly seen in allergies like hay fever. Fever and fatigue (option A) are not typically caused by histamine release during an allergic reaction. Muscle aches and joint pain (option C) are not common symptoms of histamine release in allergic reactions. Cough and shortness of breath (option D) are more commonly associated with asthma or respiratory allergies rather than histamine release.
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