ATI TEAS 7
TEAS 7 science quizlet
1. Decomposers in an ecosystem play a vital role by:
- A. Photosynthesizing and producing organic matter
- B. Breaking down dead organisms and returning nutrients to the environment
- C. Preying on herbivores and controlling their populations
- D. Fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere and making it available to plants
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Decomposers are organisms that break down dead organic matter, such as dead plants and animals, into simpler substances. By doing so, they help to recycle nutrients back into the environment, making them available for other organisms to use. This process is essential for the functioning of ecosystems, as it ensures that nutrients are not lost but instead are continuously cycled through the ecosystem. Photosynthesis (option A) is the process by which plants and some other organisms convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, and it is not a role of decomposers. Preying on herbivores (option C) is a role typically carried out by predators, not decomposers. Fixing nitrogen from the atmosphere (option D) is a process carried out by nitrogen-fixing bacteria, not decomposers.
2. What property of a wave remains unchanged when it passes from one medium to another with the same speed?
- A. Frequency
- B. Wavelength
- C. Amplitude
- D. Speed
Correct answer: A
Rationale: When a wave passes from one medium to another with the same speed, its frequency remains unchanged. Frequency is a characteristic of the source of the wave and does not depend on the medium through which the wave is traveling. Wavelength and speed of the wave can change when passing from one medium to another, but frequency remains constant. This is because the frequency of a wave is determined by the source that produces it, and as long as the speed remains constant, the frequency will not be altered. Amplitude, on the other hand, can change based on factors like energy loss or gain, but it is not a property that remains constant when a wave moves between different mediums with the same speed. Speed, although important for the wave's propagation, is not the property that remains unchanged when the wave transitions between mediums with the same speed. Therefore, the correct answer is frequency.
3. What is the process of breaking down proteins into amino acids called?
- A. Proteolysis
- B. Lipolysis
- C. Carbohydrate catabolism
- D. Nucleic acid catabolism
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Proteolysis is the specific process of breaking down proteins into amino acids. Lipolysis refers to the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol, not proteins. Carbohydrate catabolism involves the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose for energy production, not proteins. Nucleic acid catabolism is the breakdown of nucleic acids into nucleotides, not proteins. Therefore, in the context of breaking down proteins into amino acids, the correct term is proteolysis.
4. What term describes the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings?
- A. Reflection
- B. Refraction
- C. Diffraction
- D. Absorption
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Diffraction. Diffraction is the phenomenon that explains the bending of waves around obstacles or through openings. When waves encounter obstacles or pass through openings, they spread out and bend around them. Reflection (Choice A) involves waves bouncing back when they encounter a surface without bending, refraction (Choice B) is the bending of waves when passing from one medium to another due to a change in speed, and absorption (Choice D) is the process of a wave being taken in by a material rather than bending or bouncing.
5. What is the primary function of red blood cells in the cardiovascular system?
- A. To transport oxygen throughout the body.
- B. To fight infection and disease.
- C. To help regulate blood clotting.
- D. To remove waste products from the body.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Red blood cells, also known as erythrocytes, play a crucial role in the cardiovascular system by primarily transporting oxygen from the lungs to the body's tissues and organs. This essential function is carried out through the interaction of hemoglobin, a protein within red blood cells, which binds to oxygen in the lungs and releases it in the body's tissues. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Red blood cells are not actively involved in fighting infections, regulating blood clotting, or eliminating waste products from the body.
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