ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Science Questions
1. What is the role of enzymes in the body?
- A. To transport oxygen
- B. To speed up chemical reactions
- C. To regulate body temperature
- D. To store energy
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Enzymes act as biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in the body. They lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur, thus facilitating processes like digestion, metabolism, and other essential functions. Choice A is incorrect as the transportation of oxygen is primarily carried out by red blood cells. Choice C is incorrect as the regulation of body temperature involves mechanisms such as sweating and shivering. Choice D is incorrect as energy storage is mainly performed by molecules like glycogen and triglycerides.
2. What are chromosomes made of?
- A. DNA and RNA
- B. DNA and protein
- C. Protein and RNA
- D. DNA and lipids
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Chromosomes are made up of DNA and associated proteins. These proteins help package and organize the DNA within the cell, playing a crucial role in gene regulation and cell division. While RNA is involved in various cellular processes, it is not a primary component of chromosomes. Lipids are not a fundamental component of chromosomes, which primarily consist of DNA and proteins.
3. Which feedback loops are less common and sometimes harmful because they enhance stimuli rather than inhibit them?
- A. Negative feedback loop
- B. Positive feedback loop
- C. Inhibitory feedback loop
- D. Stimulating feedback loop
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Correct. Positive feedback loops enhance or amplify changes, which can sometimes be harmful as they drive processes further from equilibrium. In contrast, negative feedback loops work to counteract deviations from a set point, promoting stability. Choice A, 'Negative feedback loop,' is incorrect because negative feedback loops inhibit or reduce changes, promoting stability. Choice C, 'Inhibitory feedback loop,' is incorrect as it is synonymous with negative feedback loops. Choice D, 'Stimulating feedback loop,' is incorrect as it inaccurately describes the nature of positive feedback loops.
4. Which of the following inventions likely had the greatest impact on combating nutrition deficiencies in developing countries?
- A. Food products fortified with dietary vitamins and minerals
- B. Integrated statistical models of fish populations
- C. Advances enabling microscopes to use thicker tissue samples
- D. Refrigerated train cars for transportation of food
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Food products fortified with dietary vitamins and minerals have had the greatest impact on combating nutrition deficiencies in developing countries. By fortifying food products with essential nutrients such as vitamins and minerals, it becomes easier to address specific deficiencies in populations that may not have access to a diverse range of foods. This innovation has been particularly impactful in addressing common deficiencies like vitamin A, iron, zinc, and folic acid, improving overall health outcomes in populations with limited access to nutrient-rich foods. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Integrated statistical models of fish populations, advances in microscopy, and refrigerated train cars, while important in their own right, do not directly address combating nutrition deficiencies in developing countries as effectively as food fortification with essential nutrients.
5. Which of the following describes a typical gas?
- A. Indefinite shape and indefinite volume
- B. Indefinite shape and definite volume
- C. Definite shape and definite volume
- D. Definite shape and indefinite volume
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Indefinite shape and definite volume.' A gas does not have a definite shape as it takes the shape of its container, conforming to its surroundings. However, a gas does have a definite volume because it fills the entire volume of the container it occupies. This characteristic allows gases to expand to fill the available space provided by the container, while their volume remains constant within that container. Choice A is incorrect because gases do not have an indefinite volume but rather a definite volume. Choice C is incorrect as gases do not have a definite shape but take the shape of their container. Choice D is incorrect as gases do not have a definite shape and their volume is definite, not indefinite.
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