ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS Practice Science Test
1. Which muscle causes a joint to bend?
- A. Cardiac
- B. Extension
- C. Flexor
- D. Smooth
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Flexor. A flexor muscle contracts to bend a joint, such as bending the elbow or knee. Flexor muscles are responsible for flexing or bending a joint, while extensor muscles are responsible for extending or straightening a joint. Choice A, Cardiac, is incorrect as cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood. Choice B, Extension, is incorrect as extension refers to the straightening or extending movement of a joint, which is opposite to bending. Choice D, Smooth, is incorrect as smooth muscles are involuntary muscles found in organs like the intestines and blood vessels, not directly responsible for bending joints.
2. How does the respiratory system facilitate gas exchange between air and blood?
- A. Diffusion
- B. Exhalation
- C. Inspiration
- D. Ventilation
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Diffusion.' Diffusion is the process by which gases are exchanged between air in the alveoli and blood in the capillaries. Oxygen moves from the alveoli into the blood, while carbon dioxide moves from the blood into the alveoli through diffusion. Exhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs, inspiration is the process of inhaling air into the lungs, and ventilation refers to the overall movement of air in and out of the lungs. While these processes are essential for the respiratory system to function, they are not directly responsible for the gas exchange between air and blood, which is primarily achieved through diffusion.
3. During which phase of meiosis do chiasmata structures form?
- A. Prophase I
- B. Prophase II
- C. Metaphase I
- D. Metaphase II
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Chiasmata structures, where crossing over occurs, form during Prophase I of meiosis. This phase is characterized by homologous chromosomes pairing up and crossing over, leading to the exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids. Chiasmata are visible points of contact where genetic material has been exchanged, and they play a critical role in genetic diversity. Prophase II is the phase where chromosomes condense again in the second meiotic division, but chiasmata formation occurs in Prophase I. Metaphase I is the phase where homologous chromosomes align at the metaphase plate, not where chiasmata form. Metaphase II is the phase where replicated chromosomes align at the metaphase plate in the second meiotic division, but chiasmata formation occurs earlier in Prophase I.
4. In an experiment where five tropical plants are kept at varying humidity levels in a greenhouse for three months, while one plant is left outside in normal conditions, with plant height measured weekly, what serves as the control of the experiment?
- A. Plant height for each tropical plant
- B. The plant left outside in normal conditions
- C. Humidity level readings in the greenhouse
- D. Amount of time used to study plant height
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The plant left outside in normal conditions acts as the control in the experiment. It provides a standard reference point for comparison to assess the impact of the varying humidity levels on the growth of the tropical plants. Choice A is incorrect because it refers to the dependent variable being measured, not the control. Choice C is incorrect as humidity levels in the greenhouse are part of the experimental conditions, not the control. Choice D is incorrect as the time used for studying plant height is a parameter of the experiment and not the control.
5. What two factors enable some intercellular chemical signals to diffuse across cell membranes and bind to intracellular receptors?
- A. They are small and soluble.
- B. They are large and soluble.
- C. They are small and insoluble.
- D. They are large and insoluble.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'They are small and soluble.' Small and soluble molecules can easily pass through cell membranes and bind to intracellular receptors. Being small allows them to pass through the membrane, while being soluble enables them to dissolve in the aqueous environment inside the cell. Choice B is incorrect because large molecules typically cannot pass through the cell membrane easily. Choices C and D are incorrect because insoluble molecules would not dissolve in the aqueous environment inside the cell, hindering their ability to bind to intracellular receptors.
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