ATI TEAS 7
Practice TEAS Science Test
1. Which vitamin is produced when the skin is exposed to sunlight?
- A. Vitamin A
- B. Vitamin D
- C. Vitamin K
- D. Vitamin E
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Vitamin D is the correct answer. When the skin is exposed to sunlight, it triggers a process where a form of cholesterol in the skin is converted into vitamin D. This vitamin plays a crucial role in aiding calcium absorption in the gut, which is essential for maintaining strong and healthy bones. Vitamin A (Choice A) is important for vision and immune function but is not produced by sunlight exposure. Vitamin K (Choice C) is known for its role in blood clotting and bone metabolism, but it is not produced by sunlight. Vitamin E (Choice D) is an antioxidant that protects cells from damage but is not synthesized in the skin through sunlight exposure.
2. Which of the following is responsible for maintaining homeostasis in the body?
- A. Brainstem
- B. Hypothalamus
- C. Medulla oblongata
- D. Cerebrum
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is the Hypothalamus (choice B). The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis by regulating various bodily functions such as hunger, thirst, body temperature, and sleep cycles. While the brainstem (choice A) is involved in basic life functions like breathing and heart rate, it is not primarily responsible for maintaining homeostasis. The medulla oblongata (choice C) is part of the brainstem and controls vital autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate, but it is not the main regulator of homeostasis. The cerebrum (choice D) is responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking, memory, and voluntary movement, but it is not directly involved in maintaining overall bodily balance or homeostasis.
3. Which part of the cell is responsible for storing genetic information?
- A. Ribosome
- B. Mitochondrion
- C. Nucleus
- D. Cytoplasm
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C, Nucleus. The nucleus is responsible for storing genetic information in the form of DNA. The DNA within the nucleus controls the activities of the cell by directing the synthesis of proteins and regulating gene expression. Choices A, Ribosome, B, Mitochondrion, and D, Cytoplasm, do not store genetic information. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, mitochondria produce energy for the cell, and cytoplasm is a gel-like substance that houses organelles and where many cellular activities occur.
4. What does the P-wave in an ECG correspond to?
- A. Atrial repolarization
- B. Depolarization of SA node
- C. Ventricular depolarization
- D. Ventricular repolarization
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The P-wave in an ECG represents the depolarization of the SA node and the atria, not atrial repolarization. Choice C, ventricular depolarization, is incorrect because the P-wave does not correspond to ventricular activity. Choice D, ventricular repolarization, is also incorrect as the P-wave does not depict ventricular repolarization. The correct interpretation is that the P-wave signifies the initiation of the electrical impulse at the SA node and subsequent atrial depolarization, making option B the correct answer.
5. Which part of the digestive system is responsible for absorbing water and forming feces?
- A. Stomach
- B. Small intestine
- C. Large intestine
- D. Esophagus
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is the large intestine. The large intestine is responsible for absorbing water and forming feces from undigested food. The stomach's main function is to break down food with acid and enzymes. The small intestine is where most of the nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream. The esophagus is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach and does not play a role in absorbing water or forming feces.
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