ATI TEAS 7
Practice TEAS Science Test
1. Which of the following structures is responsible for filtering lymph and supporting the immune system?
- A. Kidneys
- B. Lymph nodes
- C. Pancreas
- D. Liver
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Lymph nodes are responsible for filtering lymph and supporting the immune system. They contain immune cells that trap and destroy pathogens, making them crucial in immune response. The other choices, kidneys, pancreas, and liver, do not play a direct role in filtering lymph or supporting the immune system. The kidneys filter blood to remove waste and regulate electrolytes, the pancreas is involved in digestion and blood sugar regulation, and the liver is primarily responsible for detoxification and metabolism.
2. From which of the following germ layers does the nervous system develop?
- A. Ectoderm
- B. Endoderm
- C. Gastroderm
- D. Mesoderm
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ectoderm. The nervous system develops from the ectoderm, which is the outermost of the three germ layers. The ectoderm gives rise to structures such as the skin, hair, nails, and the entire nervous system. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the endoderm gives rise to the lining of the gut and associated organs, the gastroderm is not a recognized germ layer, and the mesoderm forms structures like muscles, bones, blood, and the circulatory system, but not the nervous system.
3. Which hormone is responsible for regulating the body's metabolism?
- A. Insulin
- B. Thyroxine
- C. Melatonin
- D. Adrenaline
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Thyroxine, also known as T4, is produced by the thyroid gland and plays a vital role in regulating the body's metabolism. Insulin is not responsible for regulating metabolism; instead, it helps regulate blood sugar levels. Melatonin is involved in regulating sleep-wake cycles, not metabolism. Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a stress hormone that prepares the body for fight or flight responses, not primarily involved in metabolic regulation.
4. Which of the following antibodies can cross the placenta?
- A. IgA
- B. IgD
- C. IgG
- D. IgM
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is IgG. IgG is the only antibody that can cross the placenta, providing passive immunity to the developing fetus. IgA, IgD, and IgM do not cross the placenta. IgA is mainly found in mucosal secretions, IgD is involved in the activation of B cells, and IgM is the first antibody produced in response to an infection, but it does not cross the placental barrier.
5. Which organ stores and concentrates bile?
- A. Liver
- B. Gallbladder
- C. Pancreas
- D. Stomach
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gallbladder. The gallbladder is the organ that stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver. Bile is essential for the digestion of fats in the small intestine. The liver produces bile, which is then stored and concentrated in the gallbladder until it is released into the small intestine when needed. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the liver produces bile, the pancreas produces digestive enzymes, and the stomach is primarily involved in the digestion of food through acid secretion and mechanical processes, not in storing bile.
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