ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Practice Test Science
1. Which of the following structures is responsible for gas exchange in the lungs?
- A. Bronchi
- B. Alveoli
- C. Trachea
- D. Diaphragm
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place. Oxygen from inhaled air diffuses into the blood vessels surrounding the alveoli, while carbon dioxide from the blood is released into the alveoli to be exhaled. The bronchi are air passages that carry air into the lungs but do not participate in gas exchange. The trachea is the windpipe that connects the larynx to the bronchi and serves as an airway for breathing. The diaphragm is a muscle that aids in the breathing process by contracting and relaxing to change the volume of the chest cavity.
2. Which type of muscle is responsible for moving the skeleton?
- A. Cardiac muscle
- B. Skeletal muscle
- C. Smooth muscle
- D. Voluntary muscle
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Skeletal muscle is the correct answer as it is responsible for moving the skeleton. Skeletal muscles are under voluntary control, meaning they can be consciously controlled by the individual. Cardiac muscle (Choice A) is found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood, not moving the skeleton. Smooth muscle (Choice C) is found in internal organs and is responsible for involuntary movements like digestion. Voluntary muscle (Choice D) is not a specific type of muscle; it refers to muscles that can be consciously controlled, which includes skeletal muscles.
3. Which of the following bones belongs to the category of long bones?
- A. Femur
- B. Ribs and cranial bones
- C. Sesamoid
- D. Vertebrae and hip bones
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Femur. Long bones are characterized by their elongated shape, with examples including the femur, humerus, and tibia. These bones are essential for support, movement, and bone marrow production. Choice B, 'Ribs and cranial bones,' consists of flat bones, not long bones. Choice C, 'Sesamoid,' refers to small bones embedded within tendons and do not fall under the category of long bones. Choice D, 'Vertebrae and hip bones,' includes irregular bones that provide structural support and protection for vital organs, but they are not classified as long bones.
4. Which part of the brain controls the coordination of muscle movements?
- A. Cerebrum
- B. Cerebellum
- C. Thalamus
- D. Medulla oblongata
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The cerebellum is the part of the brain responsible for controlling the coordination of muscle movements and helping to maintain balance. It receives information from the sensory systems, the spinal cord, and other parts of the brain to regulate voluntary movements. The cerebrum (choice A) is primarily responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking and decision-making, not muscle coordination. The thalamus (choice C) acts as a relay station for sensory information but is not directly involved in muscle coordination. The medulla oblongata (choice D) is responsible for regulating vital autonomic functions like breathing and heart rate, rather than muscle coordination.
5. Which of the following lobes of the brain is primarily responsible for vision?
- A. Frontal
- B. Occipital
- C. Parietal
- D. Temporal
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. It contains the primary visual cortex, which plays a key role in interpreting visual stimuli. The frontal lobe is more associated with functions such as decision-making and problem-solving, making choice A incorrect. The parietal lobe is involved in processing sensory information but not specifically vision, making choice C incorrect. The temporal lobe is responsible for functions like memory and auditory processing, so choice D is also incorrect.
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