ATI TEAS 7
TEAS Test 7 science quizlet
1. What happens to the potential energy of an object when it is lifted higher above the ground?
- A. Potential energy decreases
- B. Potential energy remains the same
- C. Potential energy increases
- D. Potential energy becomes zero
Correct answer: C
Rationale: When an object is lifted higher above the ground, its potential energy increases. This is because the higher the object is lifted, the greater its potential energy due to the increased distance from the ground. The formula for gravitational potential energy is PE = mgh, where m is the mass of the object, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height above the reference point. Therefore, as the height (h) increases, the potential energy (PE) also increases, making choice C the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because when an object is lifted higher, it gains potential energy rather than losing it, keeping it the same, or becoming zero. Thus, the correct answer is that the potential energy of an object increases when it is lifted higher above the ground.
2. Osteoporosis is a condition that leads to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures. Which hormone plays a key role in bone health and is often affected in osteoporosis?
- A. Estrogen
- B. Testosterone
- C. Thyroid hormone
- D. Insulin
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Estrogen plays a crucial role in maintaining bone health by inhibiting bone resorption and promoting bone formation. In postmenopausal women, estrogen levels decrease, leading to an increased risk of osteoporosis due to accelerated bone loss. This hormonal imbalance contributes to weakened bones and an increased risk of fractures in individuals with osteoporosis. Testosterone and thyroid hormone do play roles in bone health, but estrogen has a more significant impact. Testosterone is more commonly associated with muscle mass and strength, while thyroid hormone regulates metabolism. Insulin is not directly involved in bone health and is not typically affected in osteoporosis.
3. The adaptive immune system has two main branches: humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Which type of immune cell is primarily responsible for antibody production?
- A. Helper T cells
- B. Cytotoxic T cells
- C. B cells
- D. Natural killer cells
Correct answer: C
Rationale: B cells are primarily responsible for antibody production in the adaptive immune system. When activated, B cells differentiate into plasma cells, which are specialized to produce antibodies. Helper T cells play a crucial role in activating B cells, but they do not directly produce antibodies. Cytotoxic T cells are involved in cell-mediated immunity by killing infected cells, while natural killer cells are part of the innate immune system and target virus-infected and cancerous cells. Therefore, the correct answer is C (B cells) as they are directly involved in the production of antibodies, essential for humoral immunity.
4. Which of the following is NOT a major division of the nervous system?
- A. Peripheral nervous system
- B. Central nervous system
- C. Somatic nervous system
- D. Autonomic nervous system
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Somatic nervous system. The major divisions of the nervous system are the central nervous system, which includes the brain and spinal cord, and the peripheral nervous system, which includes all the nerves outside of the central nervous system. The somatic nervous system, which controls voluntary movements and reflexes, is a part of the peripheral nervous system. The autonomic nervous system is another subdivision of the peripheral nervous system that regulates involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion. Therefore, the somatic nervous system is not a major division of the nervous system, making it the correct answer.
5. Which organelle is responsible for the final stages of protein modification and packaging for secretion in animal cells?
- A. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER)
- B. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER)
- C. Ribosomes
- D. Golgi apparatus
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The Golgi apparatus is responsible for the final stages of protein modification and packaging for secretion in animal cells. After proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), they are transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing, sorting, and packaging before being sent to their final destination within or outside the cell. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) is mainly involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification processes, not protein modification. Ribosomes are the cellular organelles responsible for protein synthesis, not the final stages of protein modification and packaging for secretion, which is the role of the Golgi apparatus.
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