ATI TEAS 7
ATI TEAS 7 science review
1. Which type of reaction is represented by the equation A + B → AB?
- A. Synthesis
- B. Decomposition
- C. Single Replacement
- D. Double Replacement
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Synthesis.' In a synthesis reaction, two or more reactants combine to form a single product. The equation A + B → AB represents a synthesis reaction where substances A and B combine to form compound AB. Choice B, 'Decomposition,' involves a single compound breaking down into two or more simpler substances, which is not the case in this equation. Choices C and D, 'Single Replacement' and 'Double Replacement,' involve the replacement of elements in compounds or the exchange of ions between compounds, neither of which is depicted in the given equation. Thus, 'Synthesis' is the most suitable classification for the reaction A + B → AB.
2. During antibiotic use, bacteria can evolve resistance. This is an example of:
- A. Coevolution (two species influencing each other's evolution)
- B. Convergent evolution (unrelated organisms evolving similar traits)
- C. Macroevolution (large-scale evolutionary change)
- D. Artificial selection acting on a natural process
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The process of bacteria evolving resistance to antibiotics due to the selective pressure exerted by the antibiotics is an example of artificial selection (human intervention selecting for certain traits) acting on a natural process (bacterial evolution). Antibiotic use creates a selective pressure that favors the survival and reproduction of bacteria with resistance traits, leading to the evolution of antibiotic-resistant strains. - Coevolution (option A) refers to the influence of two species on each other's evolution, which is not the case in the scenario described in the question. - Convergent evolution (option B) involves unrelated organisms evolving similar traits due to similar environmental pressures, which is not directly applicable to the situation of bacteria evolving resistance to antibiotics. - Macroevolution (option C) refers to large-scale evolutionary changes over long periods, which is not specifically demonstrated in the context of bacteria evolving resistance during antibiotic use.
3. What is the formula to calculate kinetic energy?
- A. Kinetic Energy = Mass × Velocity
- B. Kinetic Energy = Force × Distance
- C. Kinetic Energy = Power × Time
- D. Kinetic Energy = Potential Energy ÷ Time
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Kinetic energy is the energy an object possesses due to its motion. The formula to calculate kinetic energy is KE = 0.5 × mass × velocity^2, which can also be written as KE = mass × (velocity)^2. Therefore, the correct formula is Kinetic Energy = Mass × Velocity. Choice B is incorrect because it represents the work formula. Choice C is incorrect as it represents the formula for work done. Choice D is incorrect as it does not accurately represent the formula for calculating kinetic energy.
4. Which type of white blood cell directly attacks and destroys pathogens like bacteria and viruses?
- A. Neutrophils
- B. Lymphocytes
- C. Monocytes
- D. Eosinophils
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Neutrophils are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune system's response to infections. They are phagocytes, meaning they engulf and destroy pathogens like bacteria and viruses. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are known for their rapid response to infections, making them the primary cell type that directly attacks and destroys pathogens. Lymphocytes, although important in adaptive immunity, are not primarily responsible for directly attacking and destroying pathogens. Monocytes are involved in phagocytosis and immune response regulation but are not the primary cell type for direct pathogen destruction like neutrophils. Eosinophils are mainly involved in combating multicellular parasites and are not the primary cell type for targeting bacteria and viruses.
5. What is the process of converting lactic acid back into pyruvate called?
- A. Glycolysis
- B. Gluconeogenesis
- C. Cori cycle
- D. Oxidative phosphorylation
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A) Glycolysis is the process of breaking down glucose into pyruvate. B) Gluconeogenesis is the process of synthesizing glucose from non-carbohydrate sources. C) The Cori cycle is the process by which lactic acid produced by anaerobic metabolism in muscles is transported to the liver and converted back into glucose or pyruvate. D) Oxidative phosphorylation is the process by which ATP is synthesized using energy derived from the transfer of electrons in the electron transport chain.
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