Nursing Elites

1. What is the main idea of the passage on Daylight Savings Time?

• A. Daylight Savings Time helps save energy.
• B. Daylight Savings Time is unnecessary and outdated.
• C. Daylight Savings Time is a law to conserve energy during wars.
• D. Daylight Savings Time was first implemented in Germany.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Daylight Savings Time helps save energy." The passage explains how Daylight Savings Time is implemented to take advantage of more daylight, which results in energy savings. By adjusting clocks ahead in spring, people can make use of additional daylight in the evenings, leading to reduced energy consumption. This measure was introduced to address energy crises and has been shown to save significant amounts of energy. Choice B is incorrect as the passage does not portray Daylight Savings Time as unnecessary or outdated; instead, it highlights its benefits. Choice C is partially correct but not the main idea of the passage, as saving energy is the primary focus. Choice D is mentioned in the passage but is not the main idea; the main idea is about the purpose and benefits of Daylight Savings Time.

2. What does Macmillan's invention of the bicycle signify?

• A. He made important changes in bicycle design.
• B. He invented the first bicycle with pedals.
• C. He developed the modern chain drive.
• D. He improved the safety of bicycles.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Macmillan's invention of pedals was a significant milestone in bicycle history as it allowed for quicker and more efficient travel. The provided extract mentions that Macmillan's bicycle had foot-operated cranks like pedals, which enabled the rider to travel at a quick pace. This innovation marked a crucial development in the evolution of bicycles. While choices A, C, and D are related to advancements in bicycle design and safety, the key significance of Macmillan's invention lies in introducing pedals to bicycles, making choice B the correct answer.

3. What is the subject of the passage?

• A. foodborne illnesses
• B. the dangers of uncooked food
• C. bacteria
• D. proper food preparation

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'foodborne illnesses.' The passage discusses how foodborne illnesses are contracted by consuming contaminated food or beverages, the symptoms they can cause, common sources of contamination like bacteria, viruses, and chemicals, and preventive measures. While the passage mentions dangers associated with uncooked food, bacteria, and proper food preparation, the primary focus is on foodborne illnesses caused by various contaminants. Choice B, 'the dangers of uncooked food,' is incorrect as it is a narrower focus compared to the broader topic of foodborne illnesses. Choice C, 'bacteria,' is incorrect as it is one of the contaminants discussed in relation to foodborne illnesses but not the central subject of the passage. Choice D, 'proper food preparation,' is incorrect as it is mentioned in the passage but not as the main subject; rather, it is discussed as a preventive measure to avoid foodborne illnesses.

4. What is the meaning of the word delicate as used in the first paragraph?

• A. Subtle
• B. Fragile
• C. Refined
• D. Intricate

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In the context of microsurgery, the word 'delicate' refers to the intricate, precise, and fine nature of surgeries performed using microscopy. These surgeries require intricate attention to detail and precision due to the small and delicate structures involved, making 'intricate' the most appropriate synonym. 'Subtle' implies understated or not obvious, 'fragile' suggests easily broken or damaged, and 'refined' refers to something developed or improved over time, none of which fully capture the detailed and precise nature of microsurgery. Therefore, 'intricate' is the correct answer.

5. What conclusion can the reader draw after reading the passage about The Sleep Workout?

• A. Getting uninterrupted sleep is more important than getting enough sleep.
• B. Insufficient sleep may result in an increased risk for obesity.
• C. Human growth hormone is not essential for muscle development.
• D. Leptin is essential for building muscle.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the passage highlights that insufficient sleep could lead to an increased risk of obesity. The passage emphasizes the importance of uninterrupted sleep in muscle development and mentions that inadequate sleep is linked to lowered levels of leptin, a hormone that controls appetite. This imbalance in leptin due to lack of sleep can lead to increased cravings for carbohydrates, contributing to obesity. Choice A is incorrect as the passage stresses the significance of both uninterrupted sleep and getting enough sleep for muscle growth. Choice C is incorrect because the passage clearly states that human growth hormone (HGH) is essential for muscle development. Choice D is incorrect as leptin is not essential for building muscle but is mentioned in the passage as a hormone related to controlling appetite and its link to inadequate sleep and obesity.

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