HESI A2
Vocabulary HESI A2 Practice Test
1. What are the soft spots on the head of a newborn called?
- A. Fistula
- B. Fontanel
- C. Follicle
- D. Fissure
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Fontanel. Fontanels are spaces between the bones of a newborn's skull that allow for brain growth and development. The term 'fistula' (choice A) refers to an abnormal passageway between two organs or between an organ and the body surface, not related to newborn soft spots. 'Follicle' (choice C) is a structure in the skin that contains the hair root, not related to the skull. 'Fissure' (choice D) refers to a narrow opening or crack, which is not the term used for the soft spots on a newborn's head.
2. What does Consistency refer to?
- A. Color of a fluid
- B. Degree of viscosity, how thick or thin a fluid is
- C. Taste of a fluid
- D. Smell of a fluid
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Consistency refers to the degree of viscosity of a fluid, indicating how thick or thin it is. Viscosity is the resistance of a fluid to flow, and it determines its consistency. Choices A, color, C, taste, and D, smell, are not related to consistency. Color, taste, and smell are sensory attributes that do not define the physical property of consistency in fluids.
3. Which sentence correctly uses the word 'affect'?
- A. The medication had no effect on the patient's symptoms
- B. The noise did not affect his sleep
- C. The bright light will affect your eyes
- D. The cold weather did not affect her mood
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct use of 'affect' is to show influence or make a difference. In this context, 'The noise did not affect his sleep' is the correct usage as noise can impact one's ability to sleep. Choice A is incorrect as 'affect' is commonly confused with 'effect.' Choice C is incorrect as 'affect' is not typically used to refer to the impact of light on eyes. Choice D is incorrect as 'affect' is not typically used to describe the impact of weather on mood.
4. Which word names a medicine whose purpose is to induce vomiting?
- A. Laxative
- B. Emetic
- C. Vaccine
- D. Analgesic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'Emetic.' An emetic is a medication specifically designed to induce vomiting. This helps the body expel toxic substances or clear the stomach. Choice A, 'Laxative,' aids in relieving constipation by promoting bowel movements, not inducing vomiting. Choice C, 'Vaccine,' is a substance used to stimulate the immune system against specific diseases, not to induce vomiting. Choice D, 'Analgesic,' refers to a medication used to relieve pain, not to induce vomiting. Therefore, options A, C, and D are incorrect in the context of inducing vomiting.
5. After treatment, his PROGNOSIS was excellent. What does the term PROGNOSIS refer to?
- A. Compliance
- B. Range of motion
- C. Expected outcome
- D. Conclusion
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The term 'PROGNOSIS' refers to the expected outcome or likelihood of recovery after a specific treatment or illness. In this context, the word 'PROGNOSIS' directly relates to the expected outcome following the treatment, making choice C - Expected outcome - the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because 'Compliance' refers to following instructions, 'Range of motion' relates to the extent of movement in a joint, and 'Conclusion' is a summary or final decision, none of which captures the meaning of 'PROGNOSIS.'
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