HESI A2
Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam
1. In nature, water vapor becomes liquid water through the process of ___________.
- A. condensation
- B. sublimation
- C. precipitation
- D. absorption
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In nature, water vapor becomes liquid water through the process of condensation. Condensation occurs when water vapor cools and changes its state from a gas to a liquid, forming droplets that we commonly see as water droplets on surfaces or clouds in the sky. Sublimation refers to the transition from a solid to a gas without passing through the liquid phase. Precipitation is the process where water in the atmosphere falls to the ground as rain, snow, sleet, or hail. Absorption is the process of one substance being taken in by another.
2. Bacillus subtilis may be described as ___________.
- A. spiral
- B. globular
- C. rod-shaped
- D. grape-like clusters
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Bacillus subtilis is a rod-shaped bacterium. Its name "Bacillus" refers to its rod-like shape, which is a characteristic feature of this bacteria.
3. Which form of fermentation is used to produce beer?
- A. Lactic acid fermentation
- B. Acetic acid fermentation
- C. Propionic acid fermentation
- D. Ethyl alcohol fermentation
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, Ethyl alcohol fermentation. During beer production, yeast metabolizes sugars in the wort to produce ethanol (ethyl alcohol) and carbon dioxide, which are responsible for the alcohol content and carbonation in beer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because lactic acid fermentation produces lactic acid, acetic acid fermentation produces acetic acid, and propionic acid fermentation produces propionic acid, none of which are used in the production of beer.
4. Humans, or Homo sapiens, are part of the family ___________.
- A. Animalia
- B. Hominidae
- C. Mammalia
- D. Chordata
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Humans, or Homo sapiens, are part of the family Hominidae, which includes great apes such as gorillas, chimpanzees, and orangutans. This family belongs to the order Primates within the class Mammalia. Choice A (Animalia) refers to the animal kingdom, not the family of humans. Choice C (Mammalia) is the class to which the family Hominidae belongs, not the family itself. Choice D (Chordata) is the phylum to which humans and other animals with a notochord belong, not the specific family.
5. Most enzymes are made up of what?
- A. proteins
- B. lipids
- C. starches
- D. simple sugars
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Most enzymes are made up of proteins. Proteins are large biomolecules composed of amino acids that are vital for the structure and function of enzymes. Enzymes act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, speeding up the rate of chemical reactions in living organisms. They exhibit high specificity and efficiency due to their unique protein structures. Lipids, starches, and simple sugars are not typically the primary components of enzymes, making them incorrect choices.
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