HESI A2
HESI A2 Physics Quizlet
1. When two long, parallel wires carry currents in the same direction, the wires will experience a force of:
- A. An unpredictable force depending on wire material
- B. Repulsion
- C. No force
- D. Attraction
Correct answer: D
Rationale: When two wires carry current in the same direction, they create magnetic fields that interact with each other. This interaction results in an attractive force between the wires due to the alignment of their magnetic fields. Choice A is incorrect because the force can be predicted based on the direction of the currents and the magnetic fields produced. Choice B is incorrect because when currents flow in the same direction, they do not repel each other. Choice C is incorrect because there is indeed a force present due to the interaction of magnetic fields, resulting in attraction between the wires.
2. Jon walks all the way around a rectangular park that is 1 km × 2 km. Which statement is true about Jon’s walk?
- A. The displacement of his walk is 3 kilometers, and the distance traveled is 0 kilometers.
- B. The displacement of his walk is 0 kilometers, and the distance traveled is 16 kilometers.
- C. The displacement of his walk is 6 kilometers, and the distance traveled is 0 kilometers.
- D. The displacement of his walk is 0 kilometers, and the distance traveled is 6 kilometers.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Jon walks all the way around a rectangular park that is 1 km × 2 km, which means he walks a total distance of 6 kilometers (1 km + 2 km + 1 km + 2 km = 6 km). However, the displacement of his walk is 0 kilometers because he starts and ends at the same point after completing the rectangular path around the park. Displacement refers to the change in position from the starting point to the ending point, regardless of the actual distance traveled. Choice A is incorrect because the total distance traveled by Jon is 6 kilometers, not 0 kilometers. Choice B is incorrect as the displacement is not 0 kilometers, and the distance traveled is 6 kilometers, not 16 kilometers. Choice C is incorrect because the displacement is 0 kilometers, and the distance traveled is 6 kilometers, not 0 kilometers.
3. Entropy (S) is a thermodynamic property related to the system's disorder. According to the second law of thermodynamics, in a spontaneous process:
- A. The total entropy of the system and surroundings increases.
- B. The total entropy of the system and surroundings decreases.
- C. The total entropy of the system remains constant.
- D. The total entropy of the surroundings increases, while the system's entropy decreases.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The second law of thermodynamics asserts that the entropy of an isolated system (or the combined system and surroundings) will always increase in a spontaneous process, reflecting an increase in disorder. Therefore, the correct answer is that the total entropy of the system and surroundings increases. Choice B is incorrect because entropy always tends to increase in a spontaneous process, as dictated by the second law of thermodynamics. Choice C is incorrect as entropy typically increases in natural processes. Choice D is incorrect because the second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of the system and surroundings always increases in a spontaneous process.
4. If a wave has a frequency of 60 hertz, which of the following is true?
- A. It completes one cycle per minute.
- B. It measures 60 m from crest to crest.
- C. It completes 60 cycles per second.
- D. It measures 60 m from crest to trough.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The frequency of a wave is the number of cycles it completes in one second. A wave with a frequency of 60 hertz completes 60 cycles per second. Therefore, choice C is correct. Choice A is incorrect because a frequency of 60 hertz means 60 cycles per second, not per minute. Choice B is incorrect as the frequency of the wave does not determine the distance from crest to crest. Choice D is also incorrect as the frequency does not relate to the distance from crest to trough.
5. Viscosity, μ, is a transport property of a fluid that reflects its:
- A. Inertia
- B. Resistance to flow
- C. Compressibility
- D. Buoyancy generation
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Viscosity refers to a fluid's resistance to flow. A fluid with high viscosity (like honey) flows slowly, while a fluid with low viscosity (like water) flows more easily. It is a measure of internal friction in the fluid. Choice A, 'Inertia,' is incorrect as inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its state of motion. Choice C, 'Compressibility,' is incorrect as it refers to the ability of a fluid to be compressed. Choice D, 'Buoyancy generation,' is incorrect as it relates to the upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of an immersed object.
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