HESI A2
HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Exam
1. Which of these can provide significant protein to a person on a vegan diet?
- A. Eggs
- B. Fish
- C. Tofu
- D. Leafy greens
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Tofu is a plant-based source of protein that can provide a significant amount of protein to a person on a vegan diet. It is made from soybeans and is a versatile ingredient that can be used in various dishes to increase protein intake. Tofu is a good option for vegans looking to meet their protein needs. Eggs and fish are not suitable for a vegan diet as they are animal products. While leafy greens do contain some protein, they are not considered a significant protein source compared to tofu.
2. To which system do the retinas belong?
- A. skeletal system
- B. nervous system
- C. lymphatic system
- D. circulatory system
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The retinas belong to the nervous system. The retina is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye responsible for detecting light and sending visual information to the brain through the optic nerve. This process is essential for vision, which is controlled by the nervous system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the retinas have no association with the skeletal, lymphatic, or circulatory systems.
3. Which is a posterior feature of the human leg?
- A. Patella
- B. Quadriceps sartorius
- C. Triceps brachii
- D. Achilles tendon
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is the Achilles tendon. The Achilles tendon is a strong tendon located at the back of the human leg, connecting the calf muscles to the heel bone. This positioning makes it a posterior feature, situated at the rear of the leg. The patella, also known as the kneecap, is positioned at the front of the leg, making it an anterior feature. The quadriceps sartorius are muscles located in the front of the thigh, not at the back of the leg. Additionally, the triceps brachii is a muscle found in the upper arm, not in the leg, making it an incorrect choice.
4. Which of the following is true about skeletal muscle?
- A. Skeletal muscle makes up 40% of the body's weight.
- B. Skeletal muscle attaches to bones by tendons.
- C. Muscle contraction is not involved in temperature regulation.
- D. Skeletal muscles contract only when in use.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct statement is that skeletal muscle attaches to bones through tendons, enabling movement. Tendons connect muscles to bones and allow the force generated by muscle contraction to be transmitted to the bones, facilitating voluntary movements. Choice A is incorrect because skeletal muscle typically makes up around 40-50% of an individual's body weight, not a fixed 40%. Choice C is incorrect as muscle contraction plays a vital role in temperature regulation by generating heat. Choice D is incorrect as skeletal muscles may have constant low-level contractions even at rest, known as muscle tone.
5. The anterior chamber of the eye lies between the ___________.
- A. iris and lens
- B. lens and retina
- C. cornea and iris
- D. retina and optic nerve
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The anterior chamber of the eye is the fluid-filled space located between the cornea and the iris in the front part of the eye. It contains aqueous humor and helps maintain intraocular pressure. The space between the iris and the lens is known as the anterior chamber, making option A, 'iris and lens,' the correct choice. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not describe the correct anatomical location of the anterior chamber.
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