HESI A2
HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Quizlet 2024
1. Which of the following HDL cholesterol levels might warrant regular testing?
- A. 70 or higher
- B. 60
- C. 50
- D. 40
Correct answer: A
Rationale: An HDL cholesterol level of 70 or higher is considered high and beneficial for heart health. Individuals with high HDL levels are usually at lower risk of heart disease. Therefore, a level of 70 or above would warrant regular testing to monitor and maintain heart health. Choices B, C, and D are lower levels of HDL cholesterol, which are not typically considered high enough to warrant regular testing as they may not provide the same level of heart health benefits.
2. A tissue examined under the microscope exhibits the following characteristics: cells found on the internal surface of the stomach, no extracellular matrix, cells tall and thin, no blood vessels in the tissue. What type of tissue is this?
- A. Epithelial
- B. Connective tissue
- C. Cartilage
- D. Nervous
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Epithelial.' Epithelial tissue is characterized by cells lining surfaces and cavities, such as the stomach. It does not contain blood vessels, and the cells are tall and thin. The absence of an extracellular matrix is typical of epithelial tissue, making it the most suitable choice in this scenario. Connective tissue, like cartilage and nervous tissue, have different characteristics that do not align with the description provided in the question.
3. Which of the following structures has the lowest blood pressure?
- A. arteries
- B. arterioles
- C. venules
- D. veins
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Veins have the lowest blood pressure among the listed structures. This is because veins carry blood back to the heart at a slower rate compared to arteries, arterioles, and venules. The lower blood pressure in veins allows for the efficient return of blood to the heart despite the decreased pressure. Arteries have high blood pressure as they transport blood away from the heart at a rapid rate. Arterioles are smaller branches of arteries and contribute to resistance in the circulatory system, leading to a pressure drop. Venules are small blood vessels that collect blood from capillaries and gradually converge into veins, having slightly higher pressure than veins.
4. How does the integumentary system interact with the nervous system?
- A. The integumentary system removes heat from the neurons in the nervous system.
- B. The nervous system circulates nutrients outward to the integumentary system.
- C. Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system.
- D. Messages from the nervous system affect the color and texture of the skin.
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Touch input via the integumentary system sends messages to the nervous system. The integumentary system, comprising the skin, hair, and nails, functions as a sensory organ and a protective barrier against external threats. Specialized receptors in the skin detect stimuli like pressure, temperature, and pain, transmitting signals to the nervous system for interpretation. This communication enables the perception of touch and is vital for sensory processes, showcasing the interconnectedness between the integumentary and nervous systems. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the integumentary system primarily interacts with the nervous system through sensory input and communication of stimuli, rather than heat removal, nutrient circulation, or affecting skin color and texture based on nervous system messages.
5. The lateral side of the right knee would be ___________.
- A. the kneecap
- B. closest to the left knee
- C. farthest from the left knee
- D. on the underside of the knee
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The lateral side of the right knee is the side that is farthest from the left knee when looking at the knee joint from the front. The term 'lateral' refers to the side of the body that is farther away from the midline or center of the body. In this case, the lateral side of the right knee is on the outer side of the knee joint, away from the other knee. Choice A is incorrect as the kneecap is located at the front of the knee. Choice B is incorrect as it describes the medial side, not the lateral side. Choice D is incorrect as it refers to the underside, which is not related to the lateral aspect of the knee.
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