HESI A2
HESI A2 Reading Comprehension
1. What is the meaning of the word 'shifts' as used in the third paragraph?
- A. Alterations
- B. Stints
- C. Removals
- D. Transfers
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In this context, 'shifts' refers to changes or alterations in brain chemistry and electrophysiology. The word 'alterations' best captures the idea that significant changes are occurring in the brain. 'Stints' (choice B) refer to short periods of time or work, which is not the meaning intended here. 'Removals' (choice C) and 'transfers' (choice D) do not fit the context of the sentence and are not related to the changes happening in the brain as described in the extract.
2. Which statement would not be inferred by the reader?
- A. Some forms of phototherapy have been around for decades.
- B. New applications of phototherapy continue to be developed.
- C. Phototherapy is most often used to treat skin problems.
- D. Ultraviolet rays can cause damage to eyes and skin.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. While the passage extensively discusses the benefits and applications of phototherapy, it does not mention that ultraviolet rays can cause damage to eyes and skin. This statement goes beyond the information provided in the passage and cannot be inferred. A. The passage mentions that phototherapy has been around for more than a century, supporting the statement that some forms of phototherapy have been around for decades. B. The passage discusses how new applications of phototherapy, like the phototherapy blanket, are being developed, making this statement valid as it aligns with the information provided. C. Phototherapy being most often used to treat skin problems is supported by the passage, which mentions its applications in treating acne, psoriasis, and eczema. Therefore, this statement can be inferred from the passage.
3. What is the author’s attitude toward vegetarianism?
- A. Scoffing
- B. Positive
- C. Cautious
- D. Uninterested
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The author presents a positive view of vegetarianism, citing benefits and supporting evidence.
4. Which of the following statements is a fact?
- A. Nurses should watch for jaundice in newborns.
- B. Untreated jaundice may cause brain damage.
- C. Phototherapy blankets are a valuable invention.
- D. Avoid neonatal units that lack phototherapy.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Untreated jaundice may cause brain damage.' This statement is a fact supported by the passage. Neonatal jaundice, if left untreated, can lead to brain damage due to excess bilirubin levels in the blood. Choice A is not a fact but a general guideline for nurses. Choice C is an opinion as it describes phototherapy blankets as valuable without citing a specific fact. Choice D is not a fact but a recommendation, advising to avoid neonatal units lacking phototherapy.
5. FRAX takes into account all of the following factors EXCEPT ___________.
- A. Lifestyle choices
- B. Exposure to toxins
- C. Genetic heritage
- D. Exposure to sunlight
Correct answer: B
Rationale: FRAX, a tool used to assess fracture risk, considers various factors like lifestyle choices, genetic heritage, and exposure to sunlight. However, exposure to toxins is not mentioned in the provided extract as a factor considered by FRAX. Therefore, the correct answer is B. Exposure to toxins is unrelated to fracture risk assessment as per the information provided. Lifestyle choices, genetic heritage, and exposure to sunlight are all factors that FRAX takes into consideration to determine the risk of experiencing a fracture within the next decade.
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