HESI A2
HESI A2 Chemistry Practice Questions
1. Cobalt-60 has a half-life of 5 years. If you start with 20 g of cobalt-60, how much is left after 10 years?
- A. 15 g
- B. 10 g
- C. 5 g
- D. 2.5 g
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Cobalt-60's half-life of 5 years means that after 5 years, half of the initial amount remains. Therefore, after 10 years, a quarter (half of a half) of the initial amount will remain. Starting with 20 g, after 10 years, 5 g of cobalt-60 will be left. Choice A (15 g) is incorrect because it assumes a linear decrease, not considering the exponential decay characteristic of radioactive substances. Choice B (10 g) is incorrect as it overlooks that after 10 years, more decay has occurred. Choice D (2.5 g) is incorrect as it represents only an eighth of the initial amount after 10 years, not a quarter.
2. How many moles of potassium bromide are in 25 mL of a 4 M KBr solution?
- A. 0.035 mol
- B. 0.1 mol
- C. 0.18 mol
- D. 1.6 mol
Correct answer: B
Rationale: To find the moles of potassium bromide in 25 mL of a 4 M KBr solution, we first need to convert the volume from milliliters to liters. 25 mL is equal to 0.025 L. Then, we use the formula moles = molarity x volume in liters. Substituting the values, moles = 4 M x 0.025 L = 0.1 mol. Therefore, there are 0.1 moles of KBr in 25 mL of a 4 M solution. Choice A, 0.035 mol, is incorrect as it does not properly calculate the moles. Choice C, 0.18 mol, and choice D, 1.6 mol, are also incorrect as they are not the result of the correct calculation based on the given molarity and volume.
3. What is the correct formula for calcium carbonate?
- A. CaSO₃
- B. CaCO₃
- C. Ca(OH)â‚‚
- D. CH₃OH
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct formula for calcium carbonate is CaCO₃, which consists of one calcium (Ca) atom, one carbon (C) atom, and three oxygen (O) atoms. Therefore, choice B, CaCO₃, is the accurate formula for calcium carbonate. Choices A, C, and D do not represent the correct formula for calcium carbonate. Choice A, CaSO₃, is calcium sulfite, not calcium carbonate. Choice C, Ca(OH)₂, is calcium hydroxide, and choice D, CH₃OH, is methanol, none of which are correct formulas for calcium carbonate.
4. What is the charge of a beta particle?
- A. -1
- B. +1
- C. +2
- D. No charge
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A beta particle has a charge of -1. Beta particles are high-energy, high-speed electrons emitted during radioactive decay processes. Since electrons carry a charge of -1, beta particles also carry a charge of -1. This negative charge indicates that beta particles are negatively charged. Option B is incorrect as it suggests a positive charge, which is not the case for beta particles. Option C is incorrect as it indicates a higher positive charge, which is not true for beta particles. Option D is incorrect as beta particles do have a charge, which is negative.
5. Which element has an atomic mass greater than that of sodium?
- A. Boron
- B. Oxygen
- C. Fluorine
- D. Silicon
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Silicon has an atomic mass greater than that of sodium. The atomic mass of silicon is approximately 28.0855 u, whereas the atomic mass of sodium is approximately 22.9898 u. Therefore, silicon has a greater atomic mass compared to sodium. Boron, Oxygen, and Fluorine have atomic masses lower than sodium, making them incorrect choices in this context.
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