HESI A2
HESI A2 Chemistry Practice Questions
1. What is the correct formula for iron III oxide?
- A. IO
- B. FeS
- C. Fe₂O₃
- D. OFe₂₃
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct formula for iron III oxide is Fe2O3. In this formula, Fe represents iron and O represents oxygen. Iron III oxide consists of two iron (Fe) ions combined with three oxygen (O) ions. Thus, the correct formula is Fe2O3. Choice A (IO) is incorrect as it does not represent the correct combination of iron and oxygen ions. Choice B (FeS) is incorrect as it represents iron sulfide, not iron III oxide. Choice D (OFe₂₃) is incorrect as it does not follow the correct chemical nomenclature for iron III oxide.
2. Which one does not name a polar molecule?
- A. NH₃
- B. H₂S
- C. SO₂
- D. CO₂
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is NH₃. The molecule NH₃ does not represent a polar molecule because nitrogen and hydrogen in this molecule have a small difference in electronegativity that does not result in a significant polar covalent bond. In contrast, molecules H₂S, SO₂, and CO₂ have polar covalent bonds due to larger electronegativity differences, making them polar molecules. Therefore, options B, C, and D are polar molecules, unlike option A.
3. Which substance forms hydroxide ions when placed in water?
- A. Lemon juice
- B. Battery acid
- C. Vinegar
- D. Lye
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D, lye. Lye, also known as sodium hydroxide (NaOH), is a strong base that forms hydroxide ions (OH-) when placed in water. When lye dissolves in water, it dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions, making it an alkaline substance. Lemon juice, battery acid, and vinegar do not form hydroxide ions when placed in water. Lemon juice contains citric acid, battery acid contains sulfuric acid, and vinegar contains acetic acid, none of which produce hydroxide ions when dissolved in water.
4. What is the correct electron configuration for nitrogen?
- A. 1s² 2s²
- B. 1s² 2s² 2p²
- C. 1s² 2s² 2p³
- D. 1s² 2s² 2p⁴
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The electron configuration of nitrogen is determined by its atomic number, which is 7. Nitrogen has 7 electrons. Following the order of filling orbitals, the electron configuration for nitrogen is 1s² 2s² 2p³. This means the first energy level is filled with 2 electrons in the 1s orbital, the second energy level is filled with 2 electrons in the 2s orbital, and 3 electrons in the 2p orbital. Each orbital can hold a specific number of electrons, and nitrogen, with its 7 electrons, fits this configuration. Choice A is incorrect because it does not account for all the electrons in the nitrogen atom. Choice B is incorrect as it only represents 6 electrons, not the 7 electrons in nitrogen. Choice D is incorrect as it represents 8 electrons, which is not the correct electron configuration for nitrogen.
5. What is the oxidation state of the potassium ion in the compound KCl?
- A. +1
- B. -1
- C. +2
- D. -2
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In the compound KCl (potassium chloride), potassium is in Group 1 of the periodic table, which means it has a valence electron of 1. Chlorine is in Group 17 and gains one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration by forming an ionic bond with potassium. As a result, the potassium ion in KCl has a +1 oxidation state. Therefore, the correct answer is +1. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not reflect the oxidation state of the potassium ion in KCl.
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