HESI A2
HESI A2 Reading Comprehension V2 2024
1. The author suggests that persistent passivity and imperturbability may be a direct result of which of the following?
- A. Drug-induced stimulation of the amygdala.
- B. A stroke that resulted in severe tissue damage in the limbic system.
- C. Encephalitis as a result of head trauma.
- D. Activation of a strategically implanted electrode in a patient’s amygdala.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. The passage highlights that damage to the limbic system, specifically the amygdala, can lead to passivity and lack of aggression. This is supported by the statement that patients with trauma or damage to the amygdala exhibit a complete absence of aggression. Thus, a stroke causing severe tissue damage in the limbic system, including the amygdala, can result in persistent passivity and imperturbability. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to damage in the limbic system, which is specifically mentioned in the passage as the cause of the described behaviors.
2. Which of the following describes the purpose of the passage?
- A. To describe the causes of cystic fibrosis
- B. To explain how cystic fibrosis is passed down through families
- C. To provide an overview of CF and how it is inherited
- D. To review why some Americans have CF, but others do not
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The passage aims to provide an overview of cystic fibrosis (CF) and how it is inherited. It explains that CF is passed down through families due to a defective gene, detailing how this gene affects the body and who is most commonly affected by the disease. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the passage does not solely focus on describing the causes of CF, explaining how it is passed down through families, or reviewing why some Americans have CF while others do not. Instead, it provides a broader perspective on CF and its inheritance.
3. In context, the word 'defective' in the first sentence of the passage means which of the following?
- A. Unusual
- B. Remarkable
- C. Postponed
- D. Faulty
Correct answer: D
Rationale: In the context provided, 'defective' means faulty, referring to the gene that causes cystic fibrosis (CF). The passage explains that CF is caused by a defective gene, resulting in the production of abnormally thick and sticky fluid. The word 'defective' suggests that the gene is not functioning correctly, leading to the symptoms associated with the disease. Therefore, 'faulty' is the correct choice. The other options, 'unusual,' 'remarkable,' and 'postponed,' do not accurately capture the meaning of 'defective' in this context and are therefore incorrect.
4. The author of the passage would probably agree with which of the following statements relating corrective lenses and aging eyes?
- A. A carpenter uses wood glue to fix a broken cabinet.
- B. A student buys a new notebook for upcoming classes.
- C. A chef sharpens knives before starting to cook.
- D. An athlete stretches before a game to avoid a potential injury.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct analogy for the role of corrective lenses in helping aging eyes can be compared to an athlete stretching before a game. Just as stretching prepares an athlete's body to perform optimally and avoid injury during a game, corrective lenses help aging eyes adjust and focus properly due to the hardening and loss of elasticity in the eye lens. Choices A, B, and C do not align with the concept of preparing or adjusting to address a specific issue, unlike the use of corrective lenses for aging eyes.
5. Which claim from the passage best describes the benefits of nanotechnology?
- A. Scientists can develop novel technologies and products.
- B. Nanotechnology is defined as the understanding and control of matter at dimensions of roughly 1 to 100 nanometers.
- C. The different colors can be used in simple medical tests to indicate infection or disease.
- D. Unique properties of materials emerge.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because the passage specifically states that at the nanoscale, unique properties of materials emerge, which is a key benefit of nanotechnology. Choice A talks about what scientists can do but does not directly describe the benefits mentioned in the passage. Choice B is the definition of nanotechnology and not a specific benefit. Choice C mentions the use of different colors in medical tests, which is a specific application rather than a general benefit of nanotechnology.
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