HESI A2
Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet
1. Which type of chemical reaction involves an active metal reacting with an ionic compound to create a new compound?
- A. Combustion
- B. Single replacement
- C. Synthesis
- D. Decomposition
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is 'Single replacement.' In a single replacement reaction, an active metal replaces another element in an ionic compound, resulting in the formation of a new compound. Option A, 'Combustion,' involves a substance rapidly reacting with oxygen to release energy in the form of heat and light. Option C, 'Synthesis,' involves the combination of two or more substances to form a more complex product. Option D, 'Decomposition,' involves the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances.
2. How many electron pairs are shared to form a triple covalent bond?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. In a triple covalent bond, three pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. This sharing results in a total of six electrons being shared, making the bond strong. Choice A (1) is incorrect because a single covalent bond involves the sharing of one pair of electrons. Choice B (2) is incorrect as a double covalent bond consists of the sharing of two pairs of electrons. Choice D (4) is incorrect because there are only three pairs of electrons shared in a triple covalent bond, not four.
3. What does the sum of protons and neutrons in an element represent?
- A. Atomic number
- B. Mass number
- C. Atomic mass
- D. Neutron number
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The sum of protons and neutrons in an element is known as the mass number. The mass number is an important concept in chemistry as it represents the total number of nucleons (protons and neutrons) in an atom's nucleus. It is different from the atomic number, which represents the number of protons in an atom. The atomic mass is the average mass of an element's isotopes, taking into account the abundance of each isotope. Neutron number, on the other hand, specifically refers to the number of neutrons in an atom's nucleus. Therefore, the correct answer is B, mass number.
4. What type of chemical reaction involves the combination of two elements to form a product?
- A. Decomposition
- B. Combustion
- C. Synthesis
- D. Double replacement
Correct answer: C
Rationale: A synthesis reaction involves the combination of two or more substances to form a single, more complex product. In the context of chemical reactions, it specifically refers to the combination of two elements to form a compound. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of a single compound into simpler substances (opposite of synthesis). Combustion reactions involve a substance reacting with oxygen to produce heat and light, not the combination of elements. Double replacement reactions involve the exchange of ions between two compounds, leading to the formation of two new compounds, not the combination of two elements.
5. What are neutral particles called?
- A. Neutrons
- B. Protons
- C. Electrons
- D. Cations
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Neutral particles, which have no electric charge, are known as neutrons. Neutrons are found in the nucleus of an atom along with protons. Electrons carry a negative charge and orbit the nucleus. Cations are positively charged ions formed by losing electrons. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Neutrons' as they are the neutral particles in an atom, unlike protons, electrons, or cations.
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