HESI A2
Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet
1. What are the three types of radiation?
- A. Alpha, beta, gamma
- B. Alpha, beta, delta
- C. Gamma, delta, epsilon
- D. Beta, gamma, epsilon
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is Alpha, beta, gamma. Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei, beta radiation comprises electrons or positrons, and gamma radiation is high-energy electromagnetic radiation. Choice B, delta, is incorrect as delta is not a type of radiation. Choice C, gamma, delta, epsilon, and Choice D, beta, gamma, epsilon, are incorrect as they do not include the three standard types of radiation.
2. What can stop the penetration of gamma radiation?
- A. Aluminum foil
- B. Glass
- C. Several feet of concrete
- D. Piece of paper
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Gamma radiation is highly penetrative and requires dense materials to block it effectively. While aluminum foil and glass are not sufficient to stop gamma radiation, several feet of concrete is needed due to its high density and ability to absorb gamma radiation effectively. A piece of paper is too thin and lacks the density required to block gamma radiation, making it an ineffective shield.
3. What are negatively charged ions called?
- A. Neutrons
- B. Protons
- C. Anions
- D. Cations
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Negatively charged ions are called anions. Anions gain electrons and carry a negative charge, which distinguishes them from cations that are positively charged and neutrons and protons that are subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Choice A, Neutrons, are neutral subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, not negatively charged ions. Choice B, Protons, are positively charged subatomic particles found in the nucleus of an atom, not negatively charged ions. Choice D, Cations, are positively charged ions that lose electrons, which is opposite to the behavior of negatively charged ions.
4. What creates a dipole in a covalent bond?
- A. Unequal sharing of electrons
- B. Equal sharing of electrons
- C. Exchange of electrons
- D. Transfer of electrons
Correct answer: A
Rationale: A dipole is created in a covalent bond when there is an unequal sharing of electrons between the atoms involved. This results in a partial positive charge on one atom and a partial negative charge on the other, leading to a separation of charges and the formation of a dipole. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because a dipole is specifically formed due to unequal sharing of electrons, not equal sharing, exchange, or transfer of electrons in a covalent bond.
5. Beta radiation is the product of the decomposition of which particle?
- A. Proton
- B. Neutron
- C. Electron
- D. Photon
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Beta radiation is the result of the decomposition of a neutron. During beta decay, a neutron in an atom's nucleus is transformed into a proton, an electron (beta particle), and an antineutrino. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Neutron.' Choice A, 'Proton,' is incorrect because beta decay does not involve the decomposition of a proton. Choice C, 'Electron,' is incorrect because electrons are actually produced during beta decay. Choice D, 'Photon,' is incorrect as beta radiation does not involve the decomposition of photons.
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