HESI A2
Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet
1. If electrons are shared equally in a covalent bond, the bond is classified as what?
- A. Polar
- B. Non-polar
- C. Ionic
- D. Hydrogen
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Non-polar. In a non-polar covalent bond, electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved, leading to a balanced distribution of charge and no significant difference in electronegativity between the atoms. This equal sharing results in a non-polar bond. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a polar bond involves an unequal sharing of electrons, an ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons, and a hydrogen bond is a specific type of non-covalent bond.
2. How many electron pairs are shared to form a double covalent bond?
- A. 1
- B. 2
- C. 3
- D. 4
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. In a double covalent bond, two pairs of electrons are shared between two atoms. This sharing of two electron pairs results in a stronger bond compared to a single covalent bond where only one pair of electrons is shared. Choice A is incorrect because a single covalent bond involves the sharing of one pair of electrons. Choices C and D are incorrect as they do not represent the correct number of electron pairs shared in a double covalent bond.
3. Which intermolecular force is the strongest?
- A. Dipole interactions
- B. Dispersion forces
- C. Hydrogen bonding
- D. Van der Waals forces
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Hydrogen bonding is the strongest intermolecular force due to its specific interaction between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom like nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. This type of bonding results in a very strong attraction between molecules, making it the strongest intermolecular force among the options provided. Dipole interactions (choice A) are weaker than hydrogen bonding as they occur between polar molecules. Dispersion forces (choice B) are the weakest intermolecular forces and are caused by temporary fluctuations in electron distribution. Van der Waals forces (choice D) are a broader term that encompasses dipole interactions and dispersion forces, making them weaker than hydrogen bonding.
4. What effect does increasing the surface area of a reactant have?
- A. Decreases the reaction rate
- B. Has no effect
- C. Increases the reaction rate
- D. Stops the reaction
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Increasing the surface area of a reactant leads to more particles being exposed to the reaction, which in turn increases the reaction rate. This is because a larger surface area provides more sites for collisions between reacting particles, resulting in a higher frequency of successful collisions and thus accelerating the reaction. Choice A, 'Decreases the reaction rate,' is incorrect because increasing surface area actually accelerates the reaction. Choice B, 'Has no effect,' is incorrect as increasing surface area does have a significant effect on the reaction rate. Choice D, 'Stops the reaction,' is incorrect as increasing surface area does not stop the reaction but rather enhances it.
5. What charge do Group IA elements have?
- A. +1
- B. +2
- C. +3
- D. 0
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Group IA elements, also known as alkali metals, have a +1 charge. They readily lose one electron to achieve a stable electron configuration, forming ions with a single positive charge. This makes +1 the correct choice. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because alkali metals in Group IA typically lose one electron, so they do not have a +2, +3, or 0 charge.
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