HESI A2
Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet
1. Which of the following can act as a catalyst in a chemical reaction?
- A. Enzyme
- B. Light
- C. Water
- D. Metal
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions without being consumed. They lower the activation energy required for the reaction to occur, facilitating and accelerating the process. Choice B, Light, is not a catalyst but can sometimes trigger reactions by providing energy. Choice C, Water, and choice D, Metal, are not catalysts but can participate in reactions as reactants.
2. What is the charge of noble gases?
- A. -1
- B. 0
- C. 1
- D. 2
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0. Noble gases have a charge of 0 because they have full valence shells and are inert. This makes them stable and unreactive, resulting in a charge of 0 as they do not readily gain or lose electrons. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because noble gases do not typically form ions by gaining or losing electrons, so they do not carry a charge of -1, 1, or 2.
3. What can stop the penetration of alpha particles?
- A. Aluminum foil
- B. Glass
- C. Piece of paper
- D. Plastic
Correct answer: C
Rationale: Alpha particles can be stopped by a piece of paper due to their low penetration power. The paper acts as a shield, effectively blocking the alpha particles from passing through. In contrast, materials like aluminum foil, glass, and plastic are not as effective as a simple piece of paper in stopping alpha particles. Aluminum foil is more effective against beta particles, gamma rays, and x-rays due to its higher density. Glass and plastic also provide some protection against beta particles and gamma rays, but they are less effective than a piece of paper against alpha particles.
4. Which elements are typically involved in hydrogen bonding?
- A. Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen
- B. Fluorine, chlorine, oxygen
- C. Fluorine, chlorine, nitrogen
- D. Fluorine, oxygen, nitrogen
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Hydrogen bonding occurs between hydrogen and highly electronegative atoms such as fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen. These atoms have a strong pull on the shared electrons, leading to a partial negative charge on them, which allows them to form hydrogen bonds with hydrogen or other electronegative atoms. Choice A is incorrect because carbon is not typically involved in hydrogen bonding. Choice B is incorrect because chlorine is not as electronegative as nitrogen, and choice C is incorrect because nitrogen is more electronegative than chlorine.
5. Which of the following is the weakest intermolecular force?
- A. Dipole interactions
- B. Hydrogen bonding
- C. Van der Waals forces
- D. Dispersion forces
Correct answer: D
Rationale: Dispersion forces, also known as London dispersion forces, are the weakest intermolecular forces. They are temporary attractive forces that occur due to momentary shifts in electron distribution within molecules. While dipole interactions, hydrogen bonding, and Van der Waals forces are stronger intermolecular forces, dispersion forces are the weakest because they arise from short-lived fluctuations in electron density. Dipole interactions involve permanent dipoles in molecules, making them stronger than dispersion forces. Hydrogen bonding is stronger than dipole interactions and involves hydrogen atoms bonded to highly electronegative atoms. Van der Waals forces encompass dipole-dipole interactions and dispersion forces, making them stronger than dispersion forces alone.
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