HESI A2
Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet
1. What type of reaction involves atoms attempting to achieve stable electron configurations?
- A. Chemical
- B. Nuclear
- C. Physical
- D. Mechanical
Correct answer: A
Rationale: In a chemical reaction, atoms interact to achieve stable electron configurations through the formation of new chemical bonds or the breaking of existing ones. This process aims to reach a more stable state by filling or emptying electron orbitals, leading to the formation of new substances with more stable configurations. Choice B, nuclear reactions, involve changes in the atomic nucleus rather than electron configurations. Choice C, physical reactions, involve changes in physical state or appearance without changing the chemical makeup. Choice D, mechanical reactions, do not involve the rearrangement of electrons to achieve stable configurations.
2. If electrons are shared equally in a covalent bond, the bond is classified as what?
- A. Polar
- B. Non-polar
- C. Ionic
- D. Hydrogen
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Non-polar. In a non-polar covalent bond, electrons are shared equally between the atoms involved, leading to a balanced distribution of charge and no significant difference in electronegativity between the atoms. This equal sharing results in a non-polar bond. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because a polar bond involves an unequal sharing of electrons, an ionic bond is formed by the transfer of electrons, and a hydrogen bond is a specific type of non-covalent bond.
3. What is the product of the decomposition of water?
- A. Hydrogen and oxygen
- B. Carbon dioxide
- C. Nitrogen and hydrogen
- D. Methane
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrogen and oxygen. When water undergoes decomposition, it breaks down into hydrogen and oxygen gases through a process known as electrolysis. This reaction is represented by 2H₂O → 2H₂ + O₂. Choice B, carbon dioxide, is incorrect as it is not a product of water decomposition. Choice C, nitrogen and hydrogen, is incorrect as water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen, not nitrogen. Choice D, methane, is incorrect as methane is not a product of water decomposition.
4. Which factor does not affect the reaction rate of a chemical reaction?
- A. Temperature
- B. Surface area
- C. Concentration of reactants
- D. Color of the reactants
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The color of reactants is not a factor that affects the rate of a chemical reaction. Temperature, surface area, and concentration of reactants are known factors that influence the reaction rate. Temperature plays a significant role in altering the reaction rate by affecting the kinetic energy of molecules. Surface area impacts the rate by providing more area for collisions to occur. Concentration affects the frequency of effective collisions. On the other hand, the color of reactants is a physical property that does not directly affect the speed of a chemical reaction.
5. What are the two types of chemical bonding?
- A. Covalent & hydrogen
- B. Ionic & covalent
- C. Ionic & hydrogen
- D. Covalent & metallic
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ionic & covalent. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in the formation of positive and negative ions attracted to each other. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms to achieve a stable electron configuration. Choice A is incorrect as hydrogen bonding is a type of intermolecular force, not a primary type of chemical bonding. Choice C is incorrect as hydrogen bonding is not a primary type of chemical bonding. Choice D is incorrect as metallic bonding involves the sharing of electrons in a 'sea of electrons' within a metal lattice, not covalent bonding.
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