HESI A2
HESI A2 Biology Practice Test
1. What is the correct order of the hierarchy of levels in the biological classification of organisms?
- A. Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species
- B. Phylum, kingdom, class, order, family, genus, and species
- C. Order, phylum, class, kingdom, family, genus, and species
- D. Kingdom, phylum, order, class, family, genus, and species
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct order of the hierarchy of levels in the biological classification of organisms is Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, and Species. This order is based on the Linnaean system of classification, with each level representing a progressively more specific grouping of organisms. Choice B is incorrect because it starts with Phylum instead of Kingdom. Choice C is incorrect as it places Order before Phylum. Choice D is incorrect because it does not follow the correct order of the biological classification hierarchy.
2. Which organelle provides storage space for the cell?
- A. Mitochondrion
- B. Vacuole
- C. Cell membrane
- D. Ribosome
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Vacuole. The vacuole is the organelle responsible for providing storage space in the cell. It stores water, nutrients, waste products, and other essential materials required by the cell. Vacuoles are crucial for maintaining cell structure and regulating cellular processes. Mitochondrion (choice A) is known as the powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing energy. The cell membrane (choice C) is a protective barrier around the cell, regulating what enters and exits the cell. Ribosomes (choice D) are involved in protein synthesis, not storage.
3. How do animal cells divide?
- A. Through a contractile ring
- B. Via a cell plate
- C. Both methods
- D. None of the above
Correct answer: A
Rationale: Animal cells divide through a contractile ring made of actin and myosin filaments. The ring contracts, pinching the cell membrane in the middle to form two daughter cells. Plant cells use a cell plate due to their rigid cell walls, making choices B and C incorrect. Choice D is incorrect as animal cells do use the contractile ring method for division.
4. Which of the following arrangement is seen in the plasma membrane?
- A. Lipids with embedded proteins
- B. An outer lipid layer and an inner lipid layer
- C. Proteins embedded in lipid bilayer
- D. Altering protein and lipid layers
Correct answer: C
Rationale: The correct arrangement seen in the plasma membrane is proteins embedded in the lipid bilayer. The plasma membrane is composed of a lipid bilayer with embedded proteins. These proteins perform various functions such as transport, signaling, and structural support within the cell membrane. This arrangement allows for the selective permeability of the membrane and facilitates communication between the cell and its environment. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the primary arrangement in the plasma membrane involves proteins being embedded in the lipid bilayer, not lipids with embedded proteins, an outer and inner lipid layer, or altering protein and lipid layers.
5. Which organelle is involved in the synthesis of proteins?
- A. Endoplasmic Reticulum
- B. Ribosomes
- C. Lysosomes
- D. Vacuoles
Correct answer: B
Rationale: Ribosomes are the organelles involved in the synthesis of proteins. They are the cellular machinery responsible for translating mRNA into proteins, making them essential for cell function and structure. The other organelles listed, such as the Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosomes, and Vacuoles, have different functions unrelated to protein synthesis. The Endoplasmic Reticulum plays a role in protein processing and transport, Lysosomes are involved in digestion and waste removal, and Vacuoles are responsible for storage and maintaining cell turgor pressure.
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