Nursing Elites

1. What is the term for the breakdown of glycogen into glucose subunits?

• A. Hydrolysis
• B. Reduction
• C. Metabolism
• D. Transpiration

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hydrolysis is the term used to describe the breakdown of large molecules into smaller units by adding water. In the case of glycogen being broken down into glucose subunits, this process involves the addition of water molecules to break the glycosidic bonds between glucose molecules, resulting in the release of individual glucose subunits. This process is crucial for providing cells with a source of energy when needed. Choice B, Reduction, refers to a chemical reaction involving a gain of electrons or a decrease in oxidation state, not the breakdown of glycogen into glucose subunits. Choice C, Metabolism, is a broad term encompassing all biochemical processes in an organism, including anabolism and catabolism, but does not specifically describe the breakdown of glycogen into glucose subunits. Choice D, Transpiration, is the process of water movement through a plant and is not related to the breakdown of glycogen into glucose subunits.

2. What is the primary function of the adrenal glands?

• A. To produce insulin
• B. To regulate metabolism and stress response
• C. To fight infections
• D. To regulate blood pressure

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The primary function of the adrenal glands is to regulate metabolism and the body's stress response. The adrenal glands produce hormones like cortisol and adrenaline that play a vital role in managing metabolism, immune response, and stress levels. Choice A is incorrect because insulin is produced by the pancreas, not the adrenal glands. Choice C is incorrect because fighting infections is primarily the role of the immune system. Choice D is incorrect as the regulation of blood pressure involves organs like the heart, kidneys, and blood vessels, not the adrenal glands.

3. A bottle of hand sanitizer contains 70% alcohol. If 5ml of sanitizer are used, how much pure alcohol is present?

• A. 1.4ml
• B. 2.1ml
• C. 2.8ml
• D. 3.5ml

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Rationale: - If the hand sanitizer contains 70% alcohol, it means that 70% of the 5ml used is pure alcohol. - To find the amount of pure alcohol present, we calculate 70% of 5ml: 0.7 * 5ml = 3.5ml. - Therefore, when 5ml of sanitizer are used, there are 3.5ml of pure alcohol present.

4. Which best defines the molarity of an aqueous sugar solution?

• A. Grams of sugar per milliliter of solution
• B. Moles of sugar per milliliter of solution
• C. Grams of sugar per liter of solution
• D. Moles of sugar per liter of solution

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solvent. In the case of an aqueous sugar solution, the molarity would be expressed as moles of sugar per liter of solution. This is because molarity is a measurement of the concentration of a solute in a solution based on the number of moles present in a given volume of the solution. Therefore, the correct answer is D. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the molarity is specifically defined in terms of moles of solute per liter of solution, not in grams per milliliter or grams per liter. Molarity is a unit of concentration that relates the amount of solute to the volume of the solution, not the mass of the solute.

5. What is the main idea of the passage?

• A. Bicycles have become a common mode of transportation worldwide.
• B. The first modern bicycle was invented in 1818 in Germany.
• C. Innovations and improvements in bicycle design have made bicycles popular for recreation and transportation globally.
• D. Bicycles are now built, used, and enjoyed globally.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The main idea of the passage is that innovations and improvements in bicycle design have made bicycles one of the most popular means of recreation and transportation worldwide. The passage outlines the evolution of bicycles from their early designs to the modern versions, emphasizing how these changes have contributed to their popularity. Choice A is incorrect because it focuses only on the current status of bicycles, while the main idea encompasses the evolution and improvements in design. Choice B is incorrect as it mentions the invention of the first modern bicycle but does not address the overall impact of innovations on bicycle popularity. Choice D is incorrect as it simply states a fact without capturing the essence of the passage, which is about the impact of design improvements.

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