Nursing Elites

1. The mixture of gases surrounding a planet is referred to as its ______.

• A. Atmosphere
• B. Stratosphere
• C. Biosphere
• D. Troposphere

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The mixture of gases surrounding a planet is referred to as its atmosphere. The atmosphere plays a crucial role in supporting life on Earth by providing oxygen, regulating carbon dioxide levels, and shielding the planet from harmful radiation. While the stratosphere, troposphere, and other layers are part of the atmosphere, the term 'atmosphere' encompasses the entire gaseous envelope surrounding a planet. The stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere are specific layers within the atmosphere, each with distinct characteristics and functions.

2. In the scientific process, which of the following is a statement or explanation of certain events or happenings?

• A. hypothesis
• B. observation
• C. experiment
• D. conclusion

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A hypothesis is a statement or explanation of certain events or phenomena based on observations and prior knowledge. It is a testable prediction that guides the scientific investigation process. By formulating a hypothesis, scientists can make predictions and design experiments to gather data and test the validity of the hypothesis. Observations (choice B) involve gathering information through the senses. Experiments (choice C) are procedures carried out to support or refute a hypothesis. Conclusions (choice D) are deductions made based on the results of experiments and observations, but they are not the initial statement or explanation of events or happenings.

3. A scientist needs 12 mL of a solution. They have a bottle with 12L in it. Do they have enough?

• A. Yes, they have exactly what they need
• B. Yes, they have more than what they need
• C. No, they do not have enough
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: 1 liter has 1000 milliliters. To convert from milliliters to liters, the decimal point moves three places to the left. So, the bottle has 12000 mL of solution, which is a lot more than the required 12 mL. Therefore, the scientist has more than what they need. Choice A is incorrect as the bottle has more than the required amount. Choice C is incorrect as the bottle contains significantly more solution than needed. Choice D is incorrect as the scientist does have more than enough solution.

4. Where is the slide typically placed on a microscope?

• A. Eyepiece
• B. Stage
• C. Focus knob
• D. Objective lens

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The slide is typically placed on the stage of a microscope. The stage is the platform where the slide containing the specimen is positioned for viewing. The eyepiece is where you look through to view the specimen, the focus knob is used to sharpen the image, and the objective lens is responsible for magnification. Therefore, the correct answer is the stage.

5. In order, from lower to upper, the layers of the atmosphere are:

• A. Exosphere, thermosphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, troposphere
• B. Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
• C. Mesosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, thermosphere, exosphere
• D. Thermosphere, troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, exosphere

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct order of the layers of the atmosphere, from lower to upper, is troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, exosphere. The troposphere is the lowest layer where weather phenomena occur. The stratosphere contains the ozone layer, which absorbs and scatters the solar ultraviolet radiation. The mesosphere is where most meteorites burn up upon entering the Earth's atmosphere. The thermosphere is characterized by high temperatures due to the absorption of solar radiation. The exosphere is the outermost layer where the atmosphere transitions into space. Therefore, option B is the correct sequence, as it reflects the ascending order of the Earth's atmospheric layers.

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