most catalysts found in biological systems are which of the following
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ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS Science Questions

1. Most catalysts found in biological systems are which of the following?

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Enzymes are special proteins that act as catalysts in biological systems. They accelerate chemical reactions by lowering the activation energy required for the reaction to occur. Enzymes play a critical role in the regulation of metabolic pathways and are essential for various biological processes. While some enzymes may require cofactors for activity, the enzymes themselves are the catalysts in biological systems. Therefore, choice B, special proteins called enzymes, is the most suitable answer. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because enzymes, not lipids, are the primary catalysts in biological systems.

2. How did life most likely arise on Earth?

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The most widely accepted scientific theory for the origin of life on Earth is abiogenesis, which suggests that life arose from simple organic molecules in a primordial soup. This theory is supported by experiments such as the Miller-Urey experiment, which demonstrated that the basic building blocks of life could have formed under early Earth conditions. While there are other hypotheses and ongoing research in this field, the primordial soup theory is currently the most plausible explanation for the origin of life on Earth. Option B, spontaneous generation from non-living matter, has been disproven and is not considered a valid explanation. Option C, the arrival of extraterrestrial life forms, lacks evidence and is not a widely accepted theory. Option D, stating that we still don't know for sure, is true to some extent as the origin of life is a complex topic, but current scientific understanding leans towards abiogenesis from simple organic molecules in a primordial soup.

3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The muscular system is responsible for movement, maintaining posture, and generating heat. Regulating blood sugar levels is not a function of the muscular system. This function is primarily carried out by the endocrine system, specifically the pancreas and its production of insulin and glucagon. Choices A, B, and C are all correct functions of the muscular system as they involve the contraction and relaxation of muscles to produce movement, support the body's structure, and generate heat as a byproduct of muscle activity.

4. Which term refers to the condition where a muscle shortens in length while generating force, leading to movement at a joint?

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Concentric contraction refers to the condition where a muscle shortens in length while generating force, leading to movement at a joint. This type of contraction is commonly associated with the lifting phase of an exercise where the muscle is actively shortening against resistance. Isometric contraction (Choice A) involves muscle contraction without a change in muscle length, Eccentric contraction (Choice B) involves the muscle lengthening while generating force, and Isotonic contraction (Choice C) refers to muscle contraction against a constant load with a change in muscle length.

5. A population refers to a group of organisms of the same:

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A population is defined as a group of organisms of the same species living in the same area and interacting with one another. Option A correctly describes this definition by specifying that the organisms are of the same species and share a common geographical location. Options B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately define a population in biological terms. In this context, a population specifically refers to a group of organisms belonging to the same species, not higher taxonomic ranks like genus, kingdom, or phylum.

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