Nursing Elites

1. A patient requires a 30% increase in the dosage of their medication. Their current dosage is 270 mg. What will their dosage be after the increase?

• A. 81 mg
• B. 270 mg
• C. 300 mg
• D. 351 mg

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To calculate a 30% increase from the current dosage of 270 mg, first find 30% of 270, which is 81 mg. Add this 81 mg increase to the original dosage of 270 mg to get the new dosage, which is 351 mg (270 mg + 81 mg = 351 mg). Therefore, the correct answer is 351 mg. Choice A (81 mg) is incorrect because this value represents only the calculated 30% increase, not the total dosage after the increase. Choice B (270 mg) is the original dosage and does not account for the 30% increase. Choice C (300 mg) is close to the correct answer but does not consider the precise 30% increase calculation, leading to an incorrect total dosage.

2. What is the median of Pernell's scores (81, 92, 87, 89, and 94)?

• A. 87
• B. 89
• C. 92
• D. 94

Correct answer: B

Rationale: To find the median, we first need to arrange the scores in ascending order: 81, 87, 89, 92, 94. Since there are five scores, the middle score would be the third one, which is 89. Hence, the median of Pernell's scores is 89. Choice A (87) is incorrect because it is the second score in the ordered list, not the middle one. Choice C (92) and Choice D (94) are also incorrect as they are not positioned in the middle of the ordered series.

3. Write 290% as a fraction.

• A. 29/10
• B. 58/20
• C. 145/50
• D. 290/100

Correct answer: D

Rationale: To convert a percentage to a fraction, you write the percentage as the numerator of the fraction over 100. Therefore, 290% is equivalent to 290/100, which simplifies to 29/10. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not represent 290% as a fraction by placing the percentage value over 100.

4. Which measure for the center of a small sample set would be most affected by outliers?

• A. Mean
• B. Median
• C. Mode
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The mean is calculated by summing all values in a dataset and then dividing by the total number of values. Outliers, which are data points significantly different from the other values, can greatly impact the mean because they affect the sum. The mean is sensitive to extreme values, making it the measure for the center of a small sample set most affected by outliers. The median, on the other hand, is not influenced by outliers as it represents the middle value when the data points are ordered. The mode is the value that appears most frequently in the dataset and is not directly influenced by outliers. Therefore, the correct answer is the mean, as it is highly influenced by outliers in a small sample set.

5. Mathew has to earn more than 96 points on his high school entrance exam in order to be eligible for varsity sports. Each question is worth 3 points, and the test has a total of 40 questions. Let x represent the number of test questions. How many questions can Mathew answer incorrectly and still qualify for varsity sports?

• A. x > 32
• B. x > 8
• C. 0 ≤ x < 8
• D. 0 ≤ x ≤ 8

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To determine the number of correct answers Mathew needs, solve the inequality: 3x > 96. This simplifies to x > 32. Therefore, Mathew must answer more than 32 questions correctly to qualify for varsity sports. Since the test consists of 40 questions, he can afford to answer at most 40 - 32 = 8 questions incorrectly. Therefore, the correct answer is 0 ≤ x < 8. Option A (x > 32) is incorrect as it suggests Mathew needs to answer more than 32 questions correctly, which is not the case. Option B (x > 8) is also incorrect as it does not account for the total number of questions in the test. Option D (0 ≤ x ≤ 8) is incorrect as it includes the possibility of answering all questions incorrectly, which is not allowed for Mathew to qualify for varsity sports.

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