Nursing Elites

1. Which type of tissue provides support and structure to the body?

• A. Muscle tissue
• B. Connective tissue
• C. Nervous tissue
• D. Epithelial tissue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Connective tissue is the correct answer as it provides support, structure, and strength to the body by holding tissues and organs in place. Muscle tissue is primarily responsible for movement, nervous tissue for communication, and epithelial tissue for covering and lining surfaces. While muscle tissue allows for voluntary and involuntary movement, nervous tissue transmits electrical signals, and epithelial tissue acts as a protective barrier and is involved in absorption and secretion. Therefore, in the context of providing support and structure, connective tissue is the most appropriate choice.

2. Which of the following glands is NOT directly controlled by the pituitary gland?

• A. Thyroid gland
• B. Adrenal glands
• C. Pancreas (Islets of Langerhans)
• D. Parathyroid glands

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The pituitary gland, known as the master gland, regulates various endocrine glands by releasing specific hormones. The thyroid gland, adrenal glands, and parathyroid glands are directly controlled by the pituitary gland through hormones like thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and parathyroid hormone (PTH) respectively. However, the pancreas, particularly the Islets of Langerhans, is not directly influenced by the pituitary gland. The pancreas is mainly governed by blood glucose levels and hormones such as insulin and glucagon, which play a crucial role in regulating blood sugar levels and metabolism. Therefore, the correct answer is C. Choice A, the thyroid gland, is controlled by the pituitary gland through TSH. Choice B, the adrenal glands, are regulated by the pituitary gland via ACTH. Choice D, the parathyroid glands, are under the direct control of the pituitary gland through PTH.

3. Which blood vessels transport blood from the capillaries back to the heart?

• A. Arterioles
• B. Veins
• C. Venules
• D. Capillaries

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Veins are the correct answer as they are the blood vessels that carry blood from the capillaries back to the heart. Veins have thinner walls compared to arteries and contain valves to prevent blood from flowing backward. This transport of blood from the capillaries to the heart is essential for the circulatory system to maintain proper blood flow and oxygenation levels. Arterioles are small branches of arteries that lead to capillaries, not vessels that transport blood back to the heart. Venules are small vessels that collect blood from capillaries and lead to veins. Capillaries are the smallest blood vessels where the exchange of gases and nutrients occurs between blood and tissues, not vessels that transport blood back to the heart.

4. In a study where fish are fed different amounts of food daily for four weeks in separate tanks, with fish weight measured weekly, what is the dependent variable?

• A. Weight of the fish
• B. Type of food used
• C. Number of fish tanks
• D. Frequency of feedings

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The weight of the fish is the dependent variable in this study because it is the outcome being measured in response to the varying feeding amounts. The weight of the fish changes based on the feeding regimen, making it the dependent variable. The type of food used (choice B), number of fish tanks (choice C), and frequency of feedings (choice D) are not the dependent variables in this study. These factors may be independent variables that are manipulated or controlled in the experiment to observe their impact on the dependent variable, which is the weight of the fish.

5. If a patient had a heart attack and tissue in the left ventricle lost blood flow, what would you most expect to happen?

• A. Blood would not flow from the lungs.
• B. Blood would back up in the legs.
• C. Blood would not be pumped to the body.
• D. Blood would not be oxygenated.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'Blood would not be pumped to the body.' When tissue in the left ventricle loses blood flow due to a heart attack, the ability of the left ventricle to pump oxygenated blood to the body is compromised. This can lead to serious consequences for the patient's overall health and organ function. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because a heart attack affecting the left ventricle does not directly impact blood flow from the lungs, cause blood to back up in the legs, or prevent blood from being oxygenated. The primary concern is the compromised ability of the left ventricle to pump blood to the rest of the body, affecting overall circulation and organ perfusion.

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