Nursing Elites

1. Which type of tissue provides support and structure to the body?

• A. Muscle tissue
• B. Connective tissue
• C. Nervous tissue
• D. Epithelial tissue

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Connective tissue is the correct answer as it provides support, structure, and strength to the body by holding tissues and organs in place. Muscle tissue is primarily responsible for movement, nervous tissue for communication, and epithelial tissue for covering and lining surfaces. While muscle tissue allows for voluntary and involuntary movement, nervous tissue transmits electrical signals, and epithelial tissue acts as a protective barrier and is involved in absorption and secretion. Therefore, in the context of providing support and structure, connective tissue is the most appropriate choice.

2. What are Merkel cells, located in the epidermis, specialized for?

• A. Melanin production
• B. Temperature sensation
• C. Touch perception
• D. Immune defense

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Merkel cells are specialized touch receptors located in the epidermis of the skin. Their primary function is to perceive light touch and pressure. They play a crucial role in the sensory perception of touch stimuli. Option A, melanin production, is incorrect because Merkel cells are not involved in producing melanin. Option B, temperature sensation, is incorrect as Merkel cells are not specialized for sensing temperature. Option D, immune defense, is also incorrect as Merkel cells do not have a role in immune defense mechanisms.

3. Which of the following meninges is a thin membrane containing numerous nerves and blood vessels that supply nourishment to the underlying brain cells and spinal cord?

• A. Arachnoid mater
• B. Dura mater
• C. Periosteum
• D. Pia mater

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The pia mater is the correct answer. It is a thin, innermost layer of the meninges that contains numerous nerves and blood vessels, providing nourishment to the underlying brain cells and spinal cord. The arachnoid mater (Choice A) is the middle layer of the meninges and does not contain as many nerves and blood vessels as the pia mater. The dura mater (Choice B) is the tough, outermost layer of the meninges and is not responsible for supplying nourishment. The periosteum (Choice C) is a connective tissue membrane covering bones, not part of the meninges.

4. Which of the following joints allows for side-to-side bending movements?

• A. Hinge joint
• B. Ball-and-socket joint
• C. Gliding joint
• D. Saddle joint

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Gliding joint. Gliding joints allow for side-to-side bending movements. These joints are found between the small bones of the wrist and ankle, allowing for flexibility and movement in multiple directions. Hinge joints (A) enable movement in one plane, akin to a door hinge. Ball-and-socket joints (B) allow for a wide range of motion across multiple directions. Saddle joints (D) facilitate movement in two planes.

5. Which of the following is responsible for carrying electrical impulses in the nervous system?

• A. Platelets
• B. Neurons
• C. Red blood cells
• D. White blood cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Neurons are the correct answer as they are specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit electrical impulses throughout the body. Neurons have structures like axons and dendrites that enable the transmission of electrical signals. Platelets are responsible for blood clotting, red blood cells carry oxygen, and white blood cells are part of the immune system; however, none of these cell types play a role in carrying electrical impulses in the nervous system.

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