Nursing Elites

1. Which type of sugar is a disaccharide?

• A. Sucrose
• B. Fructose
• C. Glucose
• D. Galactose

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A, Sucrose. Sucrose is a disaccharide composed of one molecule of glucose and one molecule of fructose. When glucose and fructose combine, they form sucrose. Choice B, Fructose, is a monosaccharide, not a disaccharide. Choice C, Glucose, is also a monosaccharide, not a disaccharide. Choice D, Galactose, is another monosaccharide and not a disaccharide.

2. Out of a total of 50 homes, she sold 11. What percentage of the homes did she sell?

• A. 16%
• B. 18%
• C. 22%
• D. 24%

Correct answer: C

Rationale: To find the percentage of homes she sold, divide the number of homes she sold (11) by the total number of homes (50), then multiply by 100. (11 / 50) * 100 = 22%. Therefore, she sold 22% of the homes. Choice A (16%) is incorrect because it is less than the correct percentage. Choice B (18%) is also less than the correct percentage. Choice D (24%) is greater than the correct percentage of homes she sold.

3. Which of the following represents a hydride ion?

• A. H⁻
• B. H⁺
• C. OH⁻
• D. HCl

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The hydride ion is denoted by H⁻, indicating that it has gained an extra electron to complete its valence shell, resulting in a full octet and a net charge of -1. This ion is commonly found in metal hydrides and plays a significant role in various chemical reactions. Option B, H⁺, represents a proton with a positive charge. Option C, OH⁻, represents the hydroxide ion, consisting of oxygen and hydrogen. Option D, HCl, is a compound composed of hydrogen and chlorine ions, not a hydride ion.

4. What are the chemical messengers that control growth, differentiation, and metabolism of specific target cells called?

• A. Hormones
• B. Neurons
• C. Glands
• D. Second messengers

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Hormones are signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms. They travel through the bloodstream to specific target cells where they regulate various physiological processes, including growth, differentiation, and metabolism. Neurons (choice B) are nerve cells that transmit nerve impulses and are not responsible for controlling growth, differentiation, or metabolism. Glands (choice C) produce and release hormones but are not the chemical messengers themselves. Second messengers (choice D) are molecules involved in intracellular signal transduction, not the primary chemical messengers controlling growth, differentiation, and metabolism. Therefore, hormones (choice A) are the correct answer as they match the description provided in the question.

5. Which organ is responsible for filtering and cleaning the blood?

• A. Lungs
• B. Heart
• C. Kidneys
• D. Liver

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Kidneys. The kidneys are the organs responsible for filtering and cleaning the blood. They remove waste products, regulate electrolyte levels, and help maintain fluid balance in the body through the production of urine. The other choices are incorrect because: A) Lungs are primarily responsible for gas exchange, not blood filtration. B) The heart is responsible for pumping blood, not filtering it. D) The liver plays a role in detoxification and metabolism, but it is not primarily responsible for filtering and cleaning the blood.

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