which of the following statements is true about an allergic reaction

ATI TEAS 7

Practice TEAS Science Test

1. Which of the following statements is true about an allergic reaction?

A. An allergic reaction, such as hives or wheezing, results from overactive body systems such as the integumentary and respiratory systems.
B. An allergic reaction is a result of overactive B-cells in the body that release various immunoglobulins.
C. An allergic reaction is caused by overactive mast cells in the body, which are stimulated by Immunoglobulin E.
D. An allergic reaction involves substances like histamine, keratin, and collagen.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Mast cells are responsible for releasing histamine and other chemicals during an allergic response. Choice A is incorrect because hives and wheezing are symptoms of an allergic reaction, not the causes. Choice B is incorrect as B-cells are not directly involved in allergic reactions. Choice D is incorrect as keratin and collagen are not typically involved in allergic reactions, and histamine is released by mast cells.

2. How does ingested food move through the digestive tract?

A. Chewing, digestion, absorption
B. Swallowing, peristalsis, segmentation
C. Swallowing, mastication, defecation
D. Digestion, absorption, excretion

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Swallowing, peristalsis, segmentation. Food moves through the digestive tract by first being swallowed, then undergoing peristalsis (wave-like movements that propel food along the digestive tract), and finally undergoing segmentation (mixing movements in the intestines). Chewing and digestion occur in the mouth and stomach, respectively, while absorption and excretion happen later in the digestive process. Choice A is incorrect as absorption is a later stage in the process. Choice C is incorrect because defecation is the elimination of waste, not the movement of food. Choice D is incorrect as excretion is the elimination of waste products, not the movement of ingested food through the digestive tract.

3. Which of the following statements best describes Newton's first law of motion?

A. An object in motion tends to stay in motion, and an object at rest tends to stay at rest unless acted upon by an external force.
B. Force equals mass times acceleration.
C. For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
D. The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Newton's first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, states that an object in motion will remain in motion, and an object at rest will remain at rest unless acted upon by an external force. This principle highlights the concept of inertia, which is the tendency of objects to resist changes in their state of motion. Option A accurately captures this fundamental aspect of Newton's first law. Options B, C, and D describe Newton's second law, third law, and the relationship between force, acceleration, and mass, respectively. Therefore, options B, C, and D are incorrect as they pertain to different laws formulated by Newton.

4. At what stage is urine formed in the kidney?

A. After fluid reaches the bladder.
B. When fluid fills the collecting duct.
C. Before blood enters the glomerulus.
D. During fluid transport to the urethra.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Urine is formed when fluid fills the collecting duct in the kidney. The collecting duct is where the final concentration of urine occurs after the filtration process in the nephron. Choice A is incorrect because urine formation happens before fluid reaches the bladder. Choice C is incorrect because urine formation occurs after blood has been filtered in the glomerulus. Choice D is incorrect because urine formation happens before fluid is transported to the urethra for elimination.

5. Which orbital can hold a maximum of 8 electrons?

A. s orbital
B. p orbital
C. d orbital
D. f orbital

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the p orbital. Each p orbital can hold a maximum of 6 electrons (2 electrons in each of the 3 p orbitals), totaling 18 possible electrons when considering all three p orbitals. The s orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the d orbital can hold a maximum of 10 electrons, and the f orbital can hold a maximum of 14 electrons. Therefore, the p orbital is the orbital that can hold a maximum of 8 electrons, making it the correct choice.