Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following statements is an opinion related to Barefoot Running?

• A. Running barefoot is natural and advantageous.
• B. The cost of modern running shoes keeps increasing.
• C. Concrete sidewalks are harder than dirt paths.
• D. The arch of the foot gives a spring to the step.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The statement that "running barefoot is natural and advantageous" reflects a subjective opinion, which cannot be definitively proven or measured objectively. The other statements (B, C, and D) provide factual observations or comparisons that can be validated through evidence, which distinguishes A as the only opinion-based statement.

2. What is the meaning of the word 'emitting' as it is used in the second paragraph?

• A. Repelling
• B. Releasing
• C. Closing
• D. Charging

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In the context provided, 'emitting' means releasing, specifically referring to the electric currents being released in the body. The passage describes how electric currents are constantly being emitted in the body and can be detected on the body's surface, ultimately recorded by an electrocardiograph. This process is about the release of electric impulses, making 'releasing' the correct interpretation. Choice A, 'Repelling,' implies pushing away, which is not the intended meaning in this context. Choice C, 'Closing,' and Choice D, 'Charging,' do not align with the context of electric currents being emitted.

3. What does the word 'integral' mean as used in the first paragraph of the passage?

• A. Central
• B. Initial
• C. Trifling
• D. Irrelevant

Correct answer: A

Rationale: In this context, 'integral' means 'central' or essential. The passage discusses the debate around spanking as a method of discipline. Some parents consider it an integral part of teaching right and wrong, highlighting its central importance. Therefore, the correct answer is 'A: Central.' Choice B, 'Initial,' is incorrect as the word 'integral' does not refer to something being at the beginning of a process or sequence. Choice C, 'Trifling,' is incorrect as 'integral' implies significance and importance, opposite to being trivial. Choice D, 'Irrelevant,' is incorrect as the passage clearly states that some parents view spanking as essential, making it relevant and not irrelevant.

4. The word 'track' as used in the last paragraph of the passage can best be defined as ___________.

• A. Keep a record of
• B. A new attitude
• C. Follow carefully
• D. A paved, circular path

Correct answer: D

Rationale: In the context of the passage, 'track' refers to a 'paved, circular path' for running or walking. The last sentence of the passage encourages people to get off the couch and onto the track, indicating a physical path for exercise. Choice A, 'Keep a record of,' is incorrect as the context does not suggest any relation to recording information. Choice B, 'A new attitude,' is unrelated to the context of exercise and fatigue reduction. Choice C, 'Follow carefully,' does not fit the context of physical activity and energy levels discussed in the passage.

5. Which statement is not listed as a detail within the passage?

• A. Changes in the ECG are typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm.
• B. The signal has a characteristic record called the electrocardiogram.
• C. The 'wave of excitation' starts at the SA node.
• D. The 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall and is accompanied by electric changes.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The corrected statement should be: Changes in the ECG are not typically used for the diagnosis of abnormal cardiac rhythm. The passage mentions that the heart sends out electric currents in waves, and the 'wave of excitation' spreads through the heart wall accompanied by electric changes. It details the process of how the heart's electric impulses are recorded and how abnormalities can be detected. However, it does not state that ECG changes are specifically used for diagnosing abnormal cardiac rhythms. Choice A is the correct answer because it misrepresents the information provided in the passage. Choices B, C, and D are all supported by the passage and align with the details mentioned regarding the electrocardiogram and the wave of excitation in the heart.

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