HESI A2
Reading Comprehension HESI A2
1. The information presented in this article is?
- A. Against eating and drinking
- B. Against drinking alcohol
- C. Against eating rich foods
- D. Unbiased and informative.
Correct answer: D
Rationale: The information presented in the article is unbiased in its approach. While the article highlights the potential issues related to overeating and alcohol abuse, it does not explicitly advocate against eating and drinking, drinking alcohol, or eating rich foods. The primary focus is on the negative consequences of overeating and alcohol abuse, making choice D, 'Unbiased and informative,' the correct answer. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect as they are not supported by the content of the article; it merely discusses the risks associated with overeating and alcohol abuse without taking a stand against them.
2. What can be inferred from the passage about Daylight Savings Time?
- A. It is primarily used to save energy during certain months.
- B. It was universally accepted upon its introduction.
- C. The US government opposed the idea initially.
- D. It was implemented to prevent jetlag.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "It is primarily used to save energy during certain months." The passage clearly states that Daylight Savings Time was first put into practice by the German government in 1916 to save energy during the First World War. The US followed suit in 1918. This measure was unpopular initially, but the energy crisis in the 1970s led to making it a law. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. Choice B is incorrect as the passage mentions that the British government initially refused the idea, and it was unpopular when first implemented. Choice C is incorrect as it was not the US but the British government that opposed the idea initially. Choice D is incorrect as Daylight Savings Time was not implemented to prevent jetlag, but rather to save energy and make better use of daylight hours.
3. What is the author's main argument in the passage on the Electoral College?
- A. The Electoral College ensures that all states have a say in elections.
- B. The Electoral College is outdated and needs reform.
- C. The Electoral College should be abolished.
- D. The Electoral College was created to favor larger states.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'The Electoral College is outdated and needs reform.' The passage discusses the Electoral College system, highlighting its complexities and the discrepancy between the popular vote and electoral vote outcomes. It mentions the confusion and the case of the 2000 election where the popular vote winner did not become president. The main argument is that the system is outdated and requires reforms to align with modern democratic principles. Choice A is incorrect as the passage does not focus on ensuring all states have a say but rather on the need for reform. Choice C is not the main argument presented in the passage; while the passage mentions confusion, it does not explicitly call for abolition. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not state that the Electoral College was created to favor larger states; instead, it discusses the allocation of electoral votes based on Congressional representation and population.
4. What is a major difference in the way baroreceptors and chemoreceptors work from the way the kidneys work?
- A. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors send impulses from the arteries, while the kidneys control blood volume.
- B. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors both work to help maintain blood volume, whereas the kidneys take care of salts, water, and waste removal.
- C. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors must work together to control blood pressure, whereas the kidneys work with the adrenal cortex.
- D. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are both located near the adrenal cortex, whereas the kidneys are located near the heart.
Correct answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors send impulses from the arteries, while the kidneys control blood volume. Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are responsible for monitoring blood pressure by sensing changes in pressure, oxygen levels, carbon dioxide levels, and pH within the arteries. They send out impulses to raise or lower blood pressure accordingly. On the other hand, the kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood volume by absorbing salts and water and removing waste products. This key difference highlights that while baroreceptors and chemoreceptors are involved in monitoring and regulating blood pressure, the kidneys primarily focus on controlling blood volume. Choice B is incorrect because it inaccurately states that baroreceptors and chemoreceptors help maintain blood volume, which is not their primary function. Choice C is incorrect as it provides an inaccurate comparison between the roles of baroreceptors, chemoreceptors, and the kidneys. Choice D is incorrect as it wrongly associates the location of baroreceptors and chemoreceptors with the adrenal cortex, which is not accurate.
5. Which of the following would be the best title for this passage?
- A. Bicycles are better.
- B. A ride through the history of bicycles.
- C. Cycle your way to fitness.
- D. The popularity of bicycles.
Correct answer: B
Rationale: The best title for this passage would be 'A ride through the history of bicycles' as it provides a comprehensive overview of the historical development of bicycles from their invention to modern times. Choice A, 'Bicycles are better,' is incorrect as it does not capture the essence of the passage, which focuses on the history and evolution of bicycles rather than their superiority. Choice C, 'Cycle your way to fitness,' is misleading as the passage does not primarily discuss the fitness aspect of cycling but instead focuses on the evolution of bicycle design. Choice D, 'The popularity of bicycles,' is too narrow as it only touches on one aspect mentioned briefly in the passage, while the passage covers a broader historical perspective.
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