Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following is a structure found in the upper respiratory tract?

• A. Larynx
• B. Pharynx
• C. Esophagus
• D. Trachea

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The pharynx is indeed a structure located in the upper respiratory tract. It acts as a common passageway for both air heading to the lungs and food traveling to the esophagus, making it a vital structure for breathing and swallowing functions. The larynx, trachea, and esophagus are also part of the respiratory and digestive systems but are not specifically located in the upper respiratory tract. The larynx is situated below the pharynx, while the trachea is found below the larynx, and the esophagus is part of the digestive system, not the respiratory tract.

2. How does the skeletal system work with the nervous system?

• A. The bones transmit signals about body position to the brain.
• B. Pain nerves within bones notify the brain of injuries.
• C. The vertebrae of the spine protect the spinal cord.
• D. Bone marrow generates and houses nerve cells.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The skeletal system collaborates with the nervous system by providing protection and support for critical nervous system components. The vertebrae of the spine play a crucial role in safeguarding the spinal cord, a key component of the nervous system responsible for transmitting messages between the brain and the body. Protecting the spinal cord is essential to prevent neurological complications. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while bones do play a role in body position and can sense pain, the primary focus of the skeletal system's interaction with the nervous system is to protect vital components like the spinal cord, rather than generating nerve cells.

3. Which structure in the ear is responsible for balance?

• A. Cochlea
• B. Semicircular canals
• C. Ossicles
• D. Eustachian tube

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The semicircular canals in the inner ear are responsible for maintaining balance by detecting changes in head position and movement. These structures contain fluid and hair cells that send signals to the brain regarding the body's orientation in space, helping us stay balanced and navigate our surroundings. The cochlea is responsible for hearing, the ossicles are involved in sound transmission, and the Eustachian tube helps equalize pressure in the middle ear, but they are not directly related to balance.

4. To which system do the retinas belong?

• A. skeletal system
• B. nervous system
• C. lymphatic system
• D. circulatory system

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The retinas belong to the nervous system. The retina is a layer of tissue at the back of the eye responsible for detecting light and sending visual information to the brain through the optic nerve. This process is essential for vision, which is controlled by the nervous system. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the retinas have no association with the skeletal, lymphatic, or circulatory systems.

5. How many bones are found in the human skull?

• A. Approximately 5
• B. Approximately 30
• C. Approximately 60
• D. Approximately 210

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Approximately 30. The human skull is composed of 22 bones that are fused together. These 22 bones consist of 8 cranial bones and 14 facial bones, totaling approximately 30 bones in total. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the human skull does not have as few as 5 bones, as many as 60 bones, or as many as 210 bones. Understanding the basic anatomy of the skull helps in identifying the correct number of bones it comprises.

Similar Questions