which of the following correctly orders the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deepest

ATI TEAS 7

Practice Science TEAS Test

1. Which of the following correctly orders the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deepest?

A. S. spinosum, S. basale, S. corneum, S. granulosum, S. lucidum
B. S. corneum, S. lucidum, S. granulosum, S. spinosum, S. basale
C. S. corneum, S. spinosum, S. basale, S. granulosum, S. lucidum
D. S. basale, S. spinosum, S. granulosum, S. lucidum, S. corneum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct order of the layers of the epidermis from most superficial to deepest is: Stratum corneum, Stratum lucidum, Stratum granulosum, Stratum spinosum, Stratum basale. Choice B, 'S. corneum, S. lucidum, S. granulosum, S. spinosum, S. basale,' provides the accurate layering from the outermost to the innermost layer of the epidermis. Choice A is incorrect as it starts with Stratum spinosum, which is not the most superficial layer. Choice C is incorrect as it places Stratum spinosum before Stratum basale. Choice D is incorrect as it starts with Stratum basale, which is the deepest layer of the epidermis.

2. Scoliosis is a condition characterized by abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. Which part of the spine is most commonly affected?

A. Cervical spine (neck)
B. Thoracic spine (upper back)
C. Lumbar spine (lower back)
D. All of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Scoliosis most commonly affects the thoracic spine, which is the upper back region. While scoliosis can potentially affect any part of the spine, the thoracic spine is the most frequently involved area. This region is more commonly affected due to the natural structural curves of the spine and the biomechanics of the thoracic area. The cervical spine (neck) and lumbar spine (lower back) can also be affected by scoliosis, but the thoracic spine is the primary area of involvement in most cases. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as it is the part of the spine most commonly affected by scoliosis.

3. What happens to the potential energy of an object as it falls freely near the Earth's surface?

A. Potential energy decreases
B. Potential energy increases
C. Potential energy remains constant
D. Potential energy becomes zero

Correct answer: A

Rationale: As an object falls freely near the Earth's surface, its potential energy decreases. This decrease occurs because the gravitational potential energy is being converted into kinetic energy as the object accelerates due to gravity. According to the law of conservation of energy, the total mechanical energy (the sum of potential and kinetic energy) remains constant in the absence of non-conservative forces like air resistance. Choice B ('Potential energy increases') is incorrect because the object's potential energy is being converted into kinetic energy, leading to a decrease. Choice C ('Potential energy remains constant') is incorrect as the conversion of potential energy to kinetic energy results in a decrease in potential energy. Choice D ('Potential energy becomes zero') is incorrect because potential energy is not reduced to zero but is transformed into kinetic energy as the object falls.

4. Which of the following is a strong base commonly used in cleaning products?

A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
B. Ammonium hydroxide (NH₄OH)
C. Calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)₂)
D. Potassium hydroxide (KOH)

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) is a strong base commonly used in cleaning products due to its effectiveness in breaking down grease and fats. It is known for its corrosive properties and is commonly found in drain cleaners and oven cleaners. While ammonium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, and potassium hydroxide are also bases, they are not as strong as sodium hydroxide and are not as commonly used in cleaning products. Ammonium hydroxide is more commonly found in household cleaning products for its disinfectant properties, calcium hydroxide is used in agriculture and construction, and potassium hydroxide is often used in industries like soap manufacturing and biodiesel production.

5. What is the scientific name for the kneecap?

A. Patella
B. Femur
C. Tibia
D. Fibula

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Patella. The patella is the scientific term for the kneecap, a small, flat, triangular bone situated in front of the knee joint. The femur, tibia, and fibula are also bones in the leg, but they are not synonymous with the kneecap. The femur is the thigh bone, the tibia is the shin bone, and the fibula is the outer lower leg bone. Therefore, the correct term for the kneecap specifically is the patella.