Nursing Elites

1. Which of the following best describes the organization of the information in the passage?

• A. cause-effect
• B. chronological sequence
• C. problem-solution
• D. comparison-contrast

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The passage is organized in a chronological sequence, starting from the reign of King Charles II, proceeding to his death without a legitimate heir, the ascension of his brother James II, and the events that followed with the birth of James II's son and the subsequent fleeing of the family. The passage then covers the rejection of the young James as heir, the rise of the Jacobites, and the defeat at the Battle of Culloden in 1746. Each event is presented in the order in which they occurred. The other answer choices are incorrect: cause-effect implies a relationship of events leading to each other, problem-solution focuses on identifying issues and resolving them, and comparison-contrast involves highlighting similarities and differences between subjects, none of which are the primary organizational structure of the passage.

2. What is the main argument presented in the passage?

• A. The custom of tipping should be abolished in favor of paying servers a living wage
• B. Tipping enhances service quality in restaurants
• C. Servers' pay should be determined by their performance
• D. Customers derive pleasure from the custom of tipping

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'The custom of tipping should be abolished in favor of paying servers a living wage.' The rationale is that the passage argues for eliminating tipping and ensuring servers receive a fair wage. This is supported by the idea that servers should be paid adequately rather than relying on tips. Choice B is incorrect because the passage does not support the idea that tipping enhances service quality; it argues for a living wage instead. Choice C is incorrect as there is no mention of paying servers based on performance in the passage. Choice D is incorrect as the passage does not focus on customers' enjoyment of tipping but rather on the need to abolish the practice for fairer wages.

3. Which of the following is a primary source that would be relevant to a biography about Jules Verne?

• A. Articles about Jules Verne written after his death
• B. Reviews of Jules Verne’s works
• C. Film adaptations of Jules Verne’s works
• D. Letters exchanged by Jules Verne and a close friend

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Letters exchanged by Jules Verne and a close friend would be a primary source as they were written during his lifetime, providing direct insight into his thoughts and actions. Choices A, B, and C are not primary sources. Articles written after his death, reviews of his works, and film adaptations are considered secondary sources as they are interpretations or analyses based on primary materials.

4. Which of the following can be logically inferred from the passage?

• A. The Vikings disliked exploring the New World.
• B. Leif Erikson's banishment led to his exploration of Canada.
• C. Leif Erikson never shared his stories with the King of Norway.
• D. Historians have difficulty pinpointing events in Viking history.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. It can be inferred from the passage that historians have difficulty definitively pinpointing Viking historical events. The passage highlights the uncertainty around Leif Erikson's birth year, conflicting accounts of interactions with natives, and the lack of clarity regarding specific events in Viking history. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect. There is no indication in the passage that the Vikings disliked exploring the New World; Leif Erikson's banishment did not directly lead to his exploration of Canada but rather his desire to spread Christianity and find new lands; and there is no mention of Leif Erikson not sharing his stories with the King of Norway.

5. What information should the author include to help clarify information in the passage?

• A. The fat content of yogurt.
• B. How much calcium is in fortified juice.
• C. Which leafy greens contain calcium.
• D. The definition of lactose intolerance.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The author should include information on the definition of lactose intolerance to help readers understand the need for lactose-free alternatives within the milk group. This clarification would provide context for why lactose-free options are recommended and help individuals make informed choices based on their dietary needs. Choices A, B, and C, although related to the topic of calcium-rich foods, do not directly address the issue of lactose intolerance and its implications for choosing suitable dairy alternatives.

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