Nursing Elites

1. Which cavity is primarily lined by the peritoneum?

• A. Abdominal
• B. Dorsal
• C. Ventral
• D. Thoracic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Abdominal.' The peritoneum primarily lines the abdominal cavity, providing support and protection to abdominal organs. It is a serous membrane that covers the abdominal organs and the abdominal wall, aiding in their function and protection. Choice B, 'Dorsal,' is incorrect because the peritoneum does not primarily line the dorsal cavity. Choice C, 'Ventral,' is incorrect as the peritoneum is not primarily associated with the ventral cavity. Choice D, 'Thoracic,' is incorrect because the peritoneum primarily lines the abdominal cavity and is not primarily found in the thoracic cavity.

2. In the electron cloud model, electrons occupy specific energy levels around the nucleus with varying probabilities. This model depicts electrons existing in distinct energy levels, not fixed orbits, with probabilities of finding them in specific regions.

• A. 2 protons and 6 neutrons
• B. 2 filled s orbitals and 6 filled p orbitals
• C. 2s orbitals with 2 and 6 electrons, respectively
• D. 4 filled electron shells

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The electron cloud model describes electrons existing in distinct energy levels, not fixed orbits. Option C correctly describes the electron configuration of an atom with 2s orbitals containing 2 electrons and 6 electrons in the 2p orbitals. This configuration aligns with the electron cloud model where electrons are found in specific energy levels with varying probabilities. Options A, B, and D do not accurately represent the electron cloud model.

3. Which of the following is a characteristic of an interneuron?

• A. Forms neural circuits
• B. Interacts with effectors
• C. Sends impulses to the CNS
• D. Functions as an efferent nerve cell

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct characteristic of an interneuron is that it forms neural circuits, connecting sensory and motor neurons within the central nervous system. Interneurons facilitate communication between different neurons in the central nervous system, helping in the processing and integration of signals. Choice B is incorrect as interneurons primarily interact with other neurons, not effectors. Choice C is incorrect as interneurons typically do not send impulses to the CNS; they operate within the CNS. Choice D is incorrect as interneurons are not efferent nerve cells; they are mainly involved in processing signals within the CNS rather than transmitting signals to effectors.

4. A researcher wants to investigate the relationship between family income and quality of medical care. Which statement provides the best reason to conduct this investigation?

• A. The researcher can identify affordable medical care to recommend to low-income families.
• B. The investigation can help identify individuals who are healthy so they can maintain their health.
• C. Results of this investigation may identify a group of people who do not receive quality medical care and could benefit from improved medical treatments.
• D. There is a valid reason to conduct this investigation.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because identifying a group of individuals who do not receive quality medical care can lead to targeted interventions to improve their access to better medical treatments. This investigation can help address disparities in healthcare and improve outcomes for those in need. Choice A is incorrect because the focus is on identifying those who lack quality medical care, not just affordable care. Choice B is incorrect as it misinterprets the purpose of the investigation, which is to improve medical care for those not receiving quality care, rather than maintaining the health of those already healthy. Choice D is too vague and does not provide a specific reason for conducting the investigation, unlike choice C which highlights the potential benefits of identifying individuals in need of improved medical treatments.

5. Which of the following is NOT a typical component of healthy semen?

• A. Sperm
• B. Fructose (sugar)
• C. Prostaglandins
• D. Urine

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Healthy semen is composed of sperm, fructose (sugar), and prostaglandins. Urine is not a typical component of semen. While semen is ejaculated during sexual activity, urine is expelled through a separate pathway in the male reproductive system. Therefore, the correct answer is 'Urine.' Choices A, B, and C are all components found in healthy semen.

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