Nursing Elites

1. What type of muscle tissue is responsible for causing the hair follicles to stand on end when you get a goosebump?

• A. Skeletal muscle
• B. Smooth muscle
• C. Cardiac muscle
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Smooth muscle is responsible for causing the hair follicles to stand on end when you get a goosebump. This type of muscle tissue is found in the skin attached to hair follicles and contracts in response to stimuli such as cold or fear, causing the hair to stand up. Skeletal muscle is responsible for voluntary movements, and cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is not directly involved in causing goosebumps. Therefore, choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the specific type of muscle tissue responsible for this physiological response.

2. Which of the following factors would NOT affect the solubility of a solid solute in a liquid solvent?

• A. Temperature
• B. Pressure
• C. Particle size
• D. Nature of the solute and solvent

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Pressure does not typically affect the solubility of a solid solute in a liquid solvent. Solubility is primarily influenced by factors such as temperature, particle size, and the nature of the solute and solvent. Increasing pressure generally has a minimal effect on the solubility of solids in liquids. The impact of pressure on solubility is more significant for gases in liquids rather than solids in liquids. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. Options A, C, and D directly impact the solubility of a solid solute in a liquid solvent. Temperature affects the solubility as it changes the kinetic energy of particles, particle size can impact the surface area available for interaction between solute and solvent, and the nature of the solute and solvent influences their intermolecular interactions and compatibility.

3. Which of the following serves as a standard or series of standards for comparing the results of an experiment?

• A. A control
• B. A variable
• C. A constant
• D. Collected data

Correct answer: A

Rationale: A control is a standard used to compare the outcomes of an experiment and is crucial for determining the effect of the variables being tested. It helps isolate and measure the impact of the independent variable by providing a baseline for comparison. While variables may change, constants remain consistent, and collected data is the information obtained from the experiment. A control specifically serves as the standard for comparison in an experiment, making it the correct choice. Variables, although important, are what are being altered and tested in an experiment, constants are factors that are kept consistent throughout the experiment, and collected data is the information gathered from the experiment, none of which specifically serve as the standard for comparison.

4. What is the scientific term for the windpipe, a tube that carries air from the larynx to the bronchi?

• A. Pharynx
• B. Trachea
• C. Epiglottis
• D. Bronchiole

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The trachea is the correct scientific term for the windpipe, a tube that carries air from the larynx to the bronchi. It is an essential part of the respiratory system, enabling the passage of air to and from the lungs. The pharynx is the region behind the mouth and nasal cavity, acting as a passageway for air and food. The epiglottis is a cartilage flap that shields the trachea during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. Bronchioles are smaller airways that branch off from the bronchi within the lungs, further dividing and distributing air within the lungs.

5. Which region of the small intestine is the primary site of absorption?

• A. Duodenum
• B. Jejunum
• C. Ileum
• D. Cecum

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The jejunum is the correct answer. It is the primary site of nutrient absorption in the small intestine. The duodenum mainly facilitates digestion, the ileum is responsible for further absorption, while the cecum is part of the large intestine and not involved in nutrient absorption.

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