Nursing Elites

1. What phenomenon occurs when light passes through a medium without changing direction, such as when passing through a window?

• A. Diffraction
• B. Reflection
• C. Dispersion
• D. Transmission

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Transmission.' Transmission refers to the phenomenon where light passes through a medium without changing direction, as observed when light passes through a window. Diffraction involves the bending of light waves around obstacles, reflection is the bouncing back of light waves from a surface, and dispersion is the separation of light into its different colors. In this case, the question specifically asks about the situation where light passes through a medium without changing direction, which aligns with the process of transmission.

2. What is the difference between DNA and RNA?

• A. Both are double-stranded.
• B. DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, while RNA contains ribose sugar.
• C. RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil, while DNA contains thymine.
• D. Both are identical molecules.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: A) Incorrect. DNA is double-stranded, but RNA is typically single-stranded. B) Correct. DNA contains deoxyribose sugar, which lacks an oxygen atom on the 2' carbon of the sugar ring, while RNA contains ribose sugar, which has an additional hydroxyl group on the 2' carbon. C) Incorrect. RNA contains the nitrogenous base uracil, while DNA contains thymine. D) Incorrect. DNA and RNA have distinct structures and functions, so they are not identical molecules.

3. Approximately how many muscles are in the human body?

• A. 100
• B. 200
• C. 600
• D. Over 600

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The human body has over 600 muscles responsible for various functions like movement, stability, and posture. These muscles work together enabling us to perform daily activities and are crucial for our overall health and well-being. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the human body has far more than 100, 200, or 600 muscles. Option D, 'Over 600,' is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the approximate number of muscles in the human body.

4. Which of the following arteries are not branches of the facial artery in the cervical portion?

• A. Ascending palatine artery
• B. Glandular artery
• C. Superior labial artery
• D. Tonsillar artery

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, the Superior labial artery. It is a branch of the facial artery in the facial portion, not in the cervical portion. The ascending palatine artery, glandular artery, and tonsillar artery are branches of the facial artery in the cervical portion. The ascending palatine artery supplies the palate, the glandular artery provides blood to the salivary glands, and the tonsillar artery is responsible for supplying blood to the tonsils. These arteries play a crucial role in the vascular supply of the head and neck region, aiding in various physiological functions.

5. Which type of joint allows for the widest range of motion, similar to the shoulder joint?

• A. Hinge joint
• B. Ball-and-socket joint
• C. Gliding joint
• D. Fixed joint

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ball-and-socket joint. Ball-and-socket joints, like the shoulder joint, allow for the widest range of motion in multiple directions. This type of joint consists of a rounded bone (the 'ball') fitting into a cup-like socket, enabling movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, and rotation. Choice A, Hinge joint, allows movement in one plane, like a door hinge, and does not offer the same range of motion as a ball-and-socket joint. Choice C, Gliding joint, permits limited motion in various directions but not as wide as a ball-and-socket joint. Choice D, Fixed joint, does not allow any motion as it is immovable, unlike the shoulder joint which is highly mobile.

Similar Questions