Nursing Elites

1. What is the role of bile in digestion?

• A. To break down carbohydrates
• B. To emulsify fats
• C. To neutralize stomach acid
• D. To absorb proteins

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Bile emulsifies fats, breaking them down into smaller droplets for easier digestion.

2. Which of the following best describes the relationship among density, volume, and mass?

• A. As volume increases, density decreases.
• B. As volume decreases, density increases.
• C. An object's mass does not affect its density.
• D. As volume decreases, mass increases.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'As volume decreases, density increases.' This is because density is defined as mass divided by volume. When volume decreases and mass remains constant, the ratio of mass to volume increases, leading to higher density. Choice A is incorrect because as volume increases, density typically remains constant or increases due to the mass also increasing. Choice C is incorrect because an object's density is directly influenced by its mass. Choice D is incorrect as decreasing volume does not lead to an increase in mass.

3. Why are noble gas elements generally unreactive?

• A. They are too large and cannot form bonds easily.
• B. They lack valence electrons in their outermost shell.
• C. They have strong bonds within their own molecules.
• D. They have already achieved stable electron configurations.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Noble gas elements are generally unreactive because they have already achieved stable electron configurations by having a full outer electron shell. This full shell makes them very stable and unlikely to gain, lose, or share electrons with other elements. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because noble gases are not unreactive due to being too large to form bonds easily (A), lacking valence electrons in their outermost shell (B), or having strong bonds within their own molecules (C).

4. Which organ is responsible for filtering waste from the blood?

• A. Kidneys
• B. Pancreas
• C. Liver
• D. Heart

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Kidneys. The kidneys are responsible for filtering waste products from the blood, maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance. The pancreas aids in digestion and regulates blood sugar levels. The liver processes nutrients, detoxifies chemicals, and produces bile. The heart is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. Choice B, Pancreas, is incorrect because the pancreas plays a role in digestion and blood sugar regulation, not in filtering waste from the blood. Choice C, Liver, is incorrect as the liver processes nutrients, detoxifies chemicals, and produces bile, but it is not primarily responsible for filtering waste from the blood. Choice D, Heart, is incorrect as the heart's main function is pumping blood throughout the body, not filtering waste from the blood.

5. What is the primary function of the circulatory system?

• A. To regulate body temperature
• B. To transport oxygen and nutrients
• C. To fight infection
• D. To break down waste

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To transport oxygen and nutrients. The primary function of the circulatory system is to deliver oxygen and essential nutrients to cells throughout the body and remove waste products like carbon dioxide. Choice A is incorrect as regulating body temperature is primarily the function of the body's thermoregulatory system. Choice C is incorrect as fighting infection is mainly the role of the immune system. Choice D is incorrect as breaking down waste is primarily handled by the digestive system.

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