Nursing Elites

1. What is the relationship between work, force, and displacement?

• A. Work is directly proportional to force but inversely proportional to displacement
• B. Work is directly proportional to both force and displacement
• C. Work is inversely proportional to force but directly proportional to displacement
• D. Work is inversely proportional to both force and displacement

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Work is directly proportional to both force and displacement. The work done on an object is calculated by multiplying the force applied to the object by the distance the object moves in the direction of the force. Therefore, work is directly proportional to both force and displacement. Choice A is incorrect because work is not inversely proportional to displacement. Choice C is incorrect because work is not inversely proportional to force. Choice D is incorrect because work is not inversely proportional to both force and displacement.

2. The number of protons in an atom determines its:

• A. Mass number
• B. Atomic number
• C. Atomic weight
• D. Valence electron count

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The number of protons in an atom is known as the atomic number. The atomic number uniquely identifies an element and determines its position on the periodic table. It is a fundamental property of an element and directly influences its chemical behavior and interactions. The mass number, on the other hand, is the sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom, not just protons. Atomic weight is the average mass of an element's isotopes considering their relative abundance, not solely based on the number of protons. Valence electron count refers to the number of electrons in the outermost energy level of an atom, influencing its ability to form bonds and participate in chemical reactions, but it is not determined by the number of protons in the atom.

3. What is the main function of the skeletal system?

• A. To regulate blood pressure
• B. To protect internal organs
• C. To produce hormones
• D. To fight infection

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The main function of the skeletal system is to provide structural support for the body, protect internal organs, facilitate movement, and produce blood cells in the bone marrow. Choice A, 'To regulate blood pressure,' is incorrect as blood pressure regulation is primarily controlled by the circulatory and endocrine systems. Choice C, 'To produce hormones,' is incorrect as hormone production is mainly carried out by the endocrine system. Choice D, 'To fight infection,' is incorrect as the immune system is responsible for fighting infections, not the skeletal system.

4. What is the process of breaking down proteins into amino acids called?

• A. Proteolysis
• B. Lipolysis
• C. Carbohydrate catabolism
• D. Nucleic acid catabolism

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Proteolysis is the specific process of breaking down proteins into amino acids. Lipolysis refers to the breakdown of fats into fatty acids and glycerol, not proteins. Carbohydrate catabolism involves the breakdown of carbohydrates into glucose for energy production, not proteins. Nucleic acid catabolism is the breakdown of nucleic acids into nucleotides, not proteins. Therefore, in the context of breaking down proteins into amino acids, the correct term is proteolysis.

5. What effect does doubling the net force applied to an object have on its acceleration, assuming mass remains constant?

• A. Acceleration doubles
• B. Acceleration is halved
• C. Acceleration remains the same
• D. Acceleration quadruples

Correct answer: A

Rationale: According to Newton's second law of motion, acceleration is directly proportional to the net force applied to an object when mass is constant. Therefore, if the net force is doubled, the acceleration of the object will also double. This relationship is expressed by the formula F=ma, where F is the net force, m is the mass, and a is the acceleration. When mass is constant, doubling the force applied will result in a proportional doubling of acceleration. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because doubling the net force does not halve, maintain, or quadruple the acceleration; it directly and proportionally increases the acceleration.

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