Nursing Elites

1. What is the part of speech of the word 'fresh' in the sentence: 'We need to come up with a fresh approach to this problem'?

• A. Noun
• B. Verb
• C. Adverb
• D. Adjective

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The word 'fresh' is an adjective in this sentence. Adjectives modify or describe nouns, and in this case, 'fresh' describes the noun 'approach.' A noun refers to a person, place, thing, or idea (e.g., 'apple'). A verb is a word that expresses action or state of being (e.g., 'run'). An adverb usually modifies a verb, an adjective, or another adverb by providing more information about how, when, where, or to what extent something is done (e.g., 'quickly'). In this sentence, 'fresh' is not a noun, verb, or adverb, making 'adjective' the correct choice.

2. What kind of error is present in the following sentence? 'This summer, I'm planning to travel to Italy, take a Mediterranean cruise, going to Pompeii, and eat a lot of Italian food.'

• A. Parallelism
• B. Sentence fragment
• C. Misplaced modifier
• D. Subject-verb agreement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The sentence lacks parallel structure. The list of actions in the sentence should be presented in the same grammatical form. 'Travel to Italy,' 'take a Mediterranean cruise,' and 'go to Pompeii' should all be in the same form. To correct this, the sentence should be revised to: 'travel to Italy, take a Mediterranean cruise, visit Pompeii, and eat a lot of Italian food.' Choices B, C, and D are incorrect. The sentence is a complete sentence, not a fragment. There are no misplaced modifiers, and subject-verb agreement is not the issue in this sentence.

3. Which of the following sentences uses a comma correctly?

• A. Let's eat Grandma!
• B. Let's eat, Grandma!
• C. Lets eat, Grandma!
• D. Lets, eat Grandma!

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 'Let's eat, Grandma!' The comma is correctly used to separate the direct address 'Grandma' from the rest of the sentence. In choice A, there should be a comma after 'eat' to separate the direct address. Choice C is missing an apostrophe in 'Lets,' and there should be a comma after 'eat' to separate the direct address. Choice D incorrectly places a comma after 'Lets,' and there should be a comma after 'eat' to separate the direct address.

4. Which of the basic elements of the writing process should be completed before the first draft is written?

• A. Prewriting
• B. Revising
• C. Conferencing
• D. Editing

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Prewriting.' Prewriting is the initial stage of the writing process where ideas are brainstormed, organized, and outlined before starting the first draft. This step involves activities such as researching, outlining, and planning the structure and content of the writing. Revising (Choice B), conferencing (Choice C), and editing (Choice D) are all important stages in the writing process, but they come after the initial prewriting phase. Revising involves making changes to the content, structure, and organization of the draft; conferencing involves getting feedback from peers or instructors; and editing focuses on correcting grammar, punctuation, and formatting errors. Therefore, prewriting is crucial as it lays the foundation for a successful writing process.

5. Which term describes the most likely structure of an essay about the similarities and differences between World War I and World War II?

• A. Technical
• B. Expository
• C. Cause/effect
• D. Compare/contrast

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is 'Compare/contrast.' This structure is specifically designed to analyze and highlight the similarities and differences between two subjects, making it the most appropriate choice for an essay discussing the similarities and differences between World War I and World War II. Choice A, 'Technical,' typically involves detailed, specialized information rather than comparison. Choice B, 'Expository,' focuses on explaining or describing a topic without necessarily comparing or contrasting different subjects. Choice C, 'Cause/effect,' is used to examine the causes and consequences of events, which is different from directly comparing and contrasting two historical events like World War I and World War II.

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