Nursing Elites

1. What is the name for the flexible connection between bones at the wrist or ankle?

• A. Ligament
• B. Tendon
• C. Fascia
• D. Synovial joint

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ligament. Ligaments are tough bands of tissue that connect bones to other bones at joints, providing stability and support. In the case of the wrist or ankle, ligaments play a crucial role in maintaining the structural integrity and allowing for proper movement of these joints. Tendons (option B) connect muscles to bones, not bones to bones. Fascia (option C) is a connective tissue that surrounds muscles and other structures, not connecting bones at joints. A synovial joint (option D) is a type of joint that allows for movement between bones, but it is not the flexible connection between bones at the wrist or ankle.

2. Which of the following structures in the body is responsible for protecting the lungs and heart?

• A. Rib cage
• B. Pelvis
• C. Femur
• D. Vertebral column

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The rib cage is the correct answer. It plays a crucial role in protecting vital organs like the lungs and heart. The rib cage forms a protective barrier around these organs, shielding them from external trauma or injuries. It acts as a sturdy cage, offering structural support and safeguarding the delicate tissues and structures of the lungs and heart. The pelvis, femur, and vertebral column do not directly protect the lungs and heart; instead, they have other important functions in the body, such as supporting the body's weight, enabling movement, and protecting the spinal cord.

3. The spleen, a large lymphatic organ, is located in the:

• A. Chest
• B. Abdomen
• C. Pelvis
• D. Head and neck

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The spleen is located in the abdomen, specifically in the upper left part of the abdomen, under the ribcage and above the stomach. It is an important organ in the lymphatic system responsible for filtering blood, storing blood cells, and fighting infection. It is not located in the chest, pelvis, or head and neck regions. Therefore, the correct answer is 'B: Abdomen.' Choices 'A: Chest,' 'C: Pelvis,' and 'D: Head and neck' are incorrect as the spleen is not situated in these anatomical areas.

4. Where does fertilization typically occur in the female reproductive system?

• A. uterus
• B. fallopian tube
• C. endometrium
• D. ovary

Correct answer: B

Rationale: Fertilization typically occurs in the fallopian tube, specifically in the ampulla, which is the widest part of the tube. After ovulation, the released egg travels through the fallopian tube where it may encounter sperm for fertilization to take place. The fallopian tube provides the ideal environment for fertilization due to the presence of cilia that help move the egg and sperm towards each other. The uterus is where the fertilized egg will implant and develop into a fetus, not where fertilization occurs. The endometrium is the lining of the uterus that thickens to support a potential pregnancy but is not the site of fertilization. The ovary releases the egg during ovulation but is not where fertilization occurs.

5. Which part of the nervous system is responsible for the “fight-or-flight” response?

• A. Somatic nervous system
• B. Parasympathetic nervous system
• C. Sympathetic nervous system
• D. Enteric nervous system

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the 'fight-or-flight' response, triggering the body's automatic response to a perceived threat or danger. This system initiates physiological changes like increased heart rate, dilated pupils, and the release of adrenaline, preparing the body to confront or escape the threat. The somatic nervous system (Choice A) controls voluntary movements, the parasympathetic nervous system (Choice B) is responsible for the 'rest and digest' response to promote relaxation and digestion, and the enteric nervous system (Choice D) regulates the gastrointestinal system. Therefore, they are not associated with the 'fight-or-flight' response.

Similar Questions