Nursing Elites

1. What is the meaning of the word conform as used in the first paragraph?

• A. Authorize
• B. Fit in
• C. Hand over
• D. Bewilder

Correct answer: B

Rationale: In this context, "conform" means to fit in with societal norms or standards, particularly those related to beauty. The passage describes how individuals may compromise their health to meet these cultural ideals, indicating that conformity relates to adhering to social expectations of beauty, making option B the correct interpretation.

2. Why does the author mention 'impact craters' in line 16?

• A. To explain the corrosive effects of atmospheric weathering
• B. To explain why the Moon has no plant life because of meteorites
• C. To show the result of the Moon not having an atmosphere
• D. To show the result of the Moon not having active tectonic or volcanic activity

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The mention of impact craters in the text is to highlight the consequence of the Moon lacking an atmosphere. The absence of an atmosphere on the Moon leaves it vulnerable to meteorite impacts, resulting in the multitude of impact craters on its surface. Choice A is incorrect because the mention of impact craters is not related to atmospheric weathering but rather to the lack of an atmosphere. Choice B is incorrect as it misinterprets the reason for the absence of plant life on the Moon. Choice D is incorrect as the text explicitly states that the Moon lacks tectonic or volcanic activity, which is not the focus of the mention of impact craters.

3. Choose the best summary of the passage.

• A. We often think of all fat as bad, but it is clear that certain fats, especially the more healthful unsaturated fats, are important for bodily function.
• B. If you must consume some fat, be sure to choose unsaturated fats such as oils rather than saturated fats found in prepackaged snacks or animal products.
• C. Doctors and researchers have discovered that without the calories found in fat, people would not have functioning metabolisms.
• D. Some intake of saturated fat is necessary, but you should stay away from the kind of fat found in fried food, which can lead to heart disease.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The best summary of the passage emphasizes the importance of certain fats, particularly unsaturated fats, for bodily function. It highlights that after years of negative publicity, experts now recognize the significance of consuming fats for overall health. The passage discusses how fat is essential for cell health, vitamin absorption, and various bodily functions. It also distinguishes between healthier unsaturated fats like olive oil and detrimental trans fats. Choice B is not the best summary as it focuses more on the choice between unsaturated and saturated fats rather than the overall importance of fats. Choice C is incorrect as the passage doesn't solely attribute functioning metabolisms to fat calories. Choice D is not the best summary as it only briefly mentions saturated fats and fried foods, missing the broader context provided in the passage.

4. Which of the following describes the purpose of the passage?

• A. To describe the causes of cystic fibrosis
• B. To explain how cystic fibrosis is passed down through families
• C. To provide an overview of CF and how it is inherited
• D. To review why some Americans have CF, but others do not

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. The passage aims to provide an overview of cystic fibrosis (CF) and how it is inherited. It explains that CF is passed down through families due to a defective gene, detailing how this gene affects the body and who is most commonly affected by the disease. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because the passage does not solely focus on describing the causes of CF, explaining how it is passed down through families, or reviewing why some Americans have CF while others do not. Instead, it provides a broader perspective on CF and its inheritance.

5. The author suggests that persistent passivity and imperturbability may be a direct result of which of the following?

• A. Drug-induced stimulation of the amygdala.
• B. A stroke that resulted in severe tissue damage in the limbic system.
• C. Encephalitis as a result of head trauma.
• D. Activation of a strategically implanted electrode in a patient’s amygdala.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The passage highlights that damage to the limbic system, specifically the amygdala, can lead to passivity and lack of aggression. This is supported by the statement that patients with trauma or damage to the amygdala exhibit a complete absence of aggression. Thus, a stroke causing severe tissue damage in the limbic system, including the amygdala, can result in persistent passivity and imperturbability. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they do not directly relate to damage in the limbic system, which is specifically mentioned in the passage as the cause of the described behaviors.

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