Nursing Elites

1. What defines a composite number?

• A. A number with only two factors
• B. A number that is a fraction
• C. A number with more than 2 factors
• D. A number with exactly two factors

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A composite number is a positive integer greater than one that has more than two factors. Choice A is incorrect because a number with only two factors is a prime number. Choice B is incorrect as being a fraction does not define a composite number. Choice D is incorrect because a number with exactly two factors is a prime number, not a composite number.

2. Which statement best describes the rate of change?

• A. Every day, the snow melts 10 centimeters.
• B. Every day, the snow melts 5 centimeters.
• C. Every day, the snow increases by 10 centimeters.
• D. Every day, the snow increases by 5 centimeters.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The rate of change refers to how one quantity changes concerning another quantity. In this scenario, the rate of change is the amount of snow melting per day, which is 5 centimeters. This is determined by the slope of the graph, indicating a decrease in snow depth. Choices C and D incorrectly describe an increase in snow depth, while choice A exaggerates the rate of snow melting compared to the actual value of 5 centimeters per day.

3. What number is 20 equal to 40% of?

• A. 50
• B. 8
• C. 200
• D. 5000

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To find the number that 20 is equal to 40% of, you can set up the equation: 20 = 0.4 * x, where x is the unknown number. To solve for x, divide both sides of the equation by 0.4. This gives x = 20 / 0.4 = 50. Therefore, 20 is 40% of 50. Choice B, 8, is incorrect because 20 is not equal to 40% of 8. Choice C, 200, is incorrect because 20 is not equal to 40% of 200. Choice D, 5000, is incorrect because 20 is not equal to 40% of 5000. The correct answer is 50.

4. Solve for x: x + 5 = x - 3.

• A. x = -5
• B. x = 5
• C. x = -3
• D. x = 3

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To solve the equation x + 5 = x - 3, we aim to isolate x. By subtracting x from both sides, we get 5 = -3, which is not possible. This indicates that the equation has no solution. Therefore, the correct answer is x = -5. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not yield a valid solution when substituted back into the original equation.

5. Margery plans a vacation with costs for airfare, hotel (5 nights), sightseeing, and meals. If she receives a 10% discount on additional hotel nights, what will she spend?

• A. 1328.35
• B. 1373.5
• C. 1381.4
• D. 1417.6

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To calculate Margery's total cost, we first need to find the cost without the discount. Let's say the original cost is x. With a 10% discount, she saves 10% of the cost of additional hotel nights. Since she is staying for 5 nights, the discount applies to 4 additional nights (5 - 1 night already included). Therefore, she saves 10% of 4 nights' cost. If x is the cost of 1 night, the total cost without discount is 5x. With the 10% discount, she saves 0.1 * 4x = 0.4x. So, the cost after discount is 5x - 0.4x = 4.6x. Given that the total cost is 5x for 5 nights, we can equate 5x to 4.6x to find x. Solving for x, we get x = Total cost / 5 = 5x / 5 = 4.6x / 5. Therefore, x = 4.6x / 5, which simplifies to x = 0.92 * 5x. This means 1 night's cost is 0.92 times the total cost for 5 nights. Given the total cost is $1328.35, we find the cost for 1 night is $1328.35 / 5 = $265.67. So, Margery will spend $1328.35 for her vacation.

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