Nursing Elites

1. What happens to the kinetic energy of an object when its velocity is doubled?

• A. Kinetic energy remains the same
• B. Kinetic energy is halved
• C. Kinetic energy doubles
• D. Kinetic energy quadruples

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Kinetic energy is directly proportional to the square of the velocity of an object according to the kinetic energy formula (KE = 0.5 * m * v^2). When the velocity is doubled, the kinetic energy increases by a factor of four (2^2), which means it doubles. Therefore, when the velocity of an object is doubled, its kinetic energy also doubles. Choice A is incorrect because kinetic energy is not constant but dependent on velocity. Choice B is incorrect because halving the velocity would result in 1/4 of the original kinetic energy. Choice D is incorrect as quadrupling the kinetic energy would occur if the velocity is squared, not the kinetic energy.

2. Which of the following is an example of a salt?

• A. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)
• B. Hydrochloric acid (HCl)
• C. Sodium chloride (NaCl)
• D. Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄)

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is an example of a salt. Salts are ionic compounds formed by the reaction of an acid with a base. In this case, sodium chloride is formed by the reaction of sodium hydroxide (a base) with hydrochloric acid (an acid). Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), hydrochloric acid (HCl), and sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) are not salts because they are not formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base, which is a characteristic of salts.

3. Which organ is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body?

• A. Kidneys
• B. Liver
• C. Heart
• D. Pancreas

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the Liver. The liver is the organ responsible for detoxifying harmful substances in the body. It accomplishes this by metabolizing drugs and filtering blood. The liver plays a crucial role in maintaining overall health by processing and eliminating toxins. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. The kidneys primarily filter blood to remove waste and excess substances, the heart is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body, and the pancreas aids in digestion and regulating blood sugar levels, but none of these organs are primarily responsible for detoxification.

4. Which of the following is a characteristic of a solution with high viscosity?

• A. It flows easily
• B. It has a low resistance to flow
• C. It has a high resistance to flow
• D. It does not mix with other liquids

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 'It has a high resistance to flow.' A solution with high viscosity exhibits a high resistance to flow. Viscosity measures the fluid's resistance to deformation or flow, with higher viscosity indicating thicker and slower-flowing fluids. Choice A is incorrect because high viscosity means the solution flows slowly, not easily. Choice B is incorrect as high viscosity implies a high resistance to flow, not a low one. Choice D is irrelevant to viscosity and does not describe a characteristic associated with high viscosity.

5. What are the two primary functions of the respiratory system?

• A. Delivering nutrients and removing CO2
• B. Delivering O2 and removing CO2, maintaining blood pH
• C. Maintaining blood pH and delivering nutrients
• D. Delivering O2 and nutrients to the cells

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The respiratory system's primary functions include delivering oxygen (O2) to the body's cells for cellular respiration and removing carbon dioxide (CO2), thereby aiding in the maintenance of blood pH. These functions are crucial for gas exchange and the overall metabolic processes within the body. Choice A is incorrect as the respiratory system primarily delivers O2, not nutrients, and removes CO2, not delivering it. Choice C is incorrect as while the respiratory system helps maintain blood pH by removing CO2, it does not primarily deliver nutrients. Choice D is incorrect as it combines the functions of delivering O2 and nutrients, which are distinct roles of different systems in the body.

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