Nursing Elites

1. Which type of passive transport uses proteins that change shape to move a target molecule through the membrane?

• A. Diffusion
• B. Carrier proteins
• C. Channel proteins
• D. None of the above

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carrier proteins. Carrier proteins are involved in facilitated diffusion, a type of passive transport where specific target molecules are moved across the membrane with the help of proteins that change shape. These carrier proteins bind to the target molecule on one side of the membrane, undergo a conformational change, and then release the molecule on the other side. This process is crucial for the selective transport of certain molecules that cannot pass through the membrane by simple diffusion. Choices A and C are incorrect because diffusion and channel proteins do not involve proteins that change shape to transport target molecules selectively. Choice D is incorrect as carrier proteins fit the description provided in the question.

2. Which of the following structures is located in the respiratory system?

• A. Larynx
• B. Trachea
• C. Pharynx
• D. Esophagus

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The larynx, also known as the voice box, is a crucial structure in the respiratory system. It is located in the upper part of the trachea and houses the vocal cords. The larynx plays a key role in producing sound and protecting the trachea by closing during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway. This makes the larynx the correct answer in this context. The trachea (Choice B) is a respiratory structure that connects the larynx to the lungs, allowing air to pass through. The pharynx (Choice C) is a shared pathway for both air and food, located at the back of the throat. The esophagus (Choice D) is part of the digestive system, responsible for transporting food from the mouth to the stomach. Therefore, Choices B, C, and D are not located in the respiratory system.

3. Why does potential energy increase as particles approach each other?

• A. Attractive forces increase.
• B. Attractive forces decrease.
• C. Repulsive forces increase.
• D. Repulsive forces decrease.

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Repulsive forces increase. As particles approach each other, the distance between them decreases, causing the repulsive forces between the particles to increase. This increase in repulsive forces leads to an increase in potential energy as the particles resist being pushed closer together. Choices A and B are incorrect because attractive forces do not increase or decrease in this scenario. Choice D is incorrect because repulsive forces actually increase as particles get closer, leading to a rise in potential energy.

4. Imaginary unit multiples are used to represent numbers that cannot be obtained on the number line. Which of the following is equivalent to 5i?

• A. -5
• B. i^5
• C. 5√-1
• D. 1/5i

Correct answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - The imaginary unit, denoted as "i," is defined as the square root of -1. - Therefore, 5i can be expressed as 5 times the square root of -1, which is equivalent to 5√-1. - Option A, -5, is a real number and not an imaginary unit multiple. - Option B, i^5, is equal to i because i raised to any power that is a multiple of 4 results in 1, and i^5 is equivalent to i. - Option D, 1/5i, is the reciprocal of 5i and not equivalent to 5i.

5. A clinic sees an average of 25 patients every 4 hours. If the clinic is open for 8 hours, how many patients will they see in total?

• A. 35
• B. 50
• C. 75
• D. 200

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Rationale: 1. First, determine how many patients the clinic sees in one hour: 25 patients / 4 hours = 6.25 patients per hour (approximately 6 patients per hour) 2. Since the clinic is open for 8 hours, multiply the number of patients seen per hour by the number of hours the clinic is open: 6.25 patients/hour * 8 hours = 50 patients 3. Therefore, the clinic will see a total of 50 patients in 8 hours, which corresponds to answer choice D) 200.

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