the somatic nervous system is responsible for which of the following

ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS Science

1. What is the responsibility of the somatic nervous system?

A. Breathing
B. Thought
C. Movement
D. Fear

Correct answer: C

Rationale: The somatic nervous system is responsible for controlling voluntary movements of skeletal muscles. This system communicates sensory information and controls voluntary movements, such as walking or reaching for objects. Breathing is primarily regulated by the autonomic nervous system, which functions involuntarily. Thought processes involve complex interactions between various regions of the brain and are not directly controlled by the somatic nervous system. Fear is an emotional response that involves the limbic system of the brain and the autonomic nervous system, not the somatic nervous system.

2. What is the 3D structure of a protein called?

A. Tertiary structure
B. Secondary structure
C. Primary structure
D. Quaternary structure

Correct answer: A

Rationale: - Primary structure refers to the linear sequence of amino acids in a protein. - Secondary structure refers to local folded structures within a protein, such as alpha helices and beta sheets. - Tertiary structure is the overall 3D shape of a protein, which is determined by interactions between amino acid side chains and the environment. - Quaternary structure refers to the arrangement of multiple protein subunits in a protein complex. Therefore, the 3D structure of a protein is called the tertiary structure because it represents the overall folding of the protein into a specific shape.

3. Which of the following is NOT a function of the integumentary system?

A. Regulation of body temperature
B. Protection from pathogens
C. Synthesis of vitamin D
D. Production of digestive enzymes

Correct answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The production of digestive enzymes is not a function of the integumentary system. The integumentary system is responsible for regulating body temperature, protecting the body from pathogens, and synthesizing vitamin D. Digestive enzymes are produced by organs in the digestive system, such as the pancreas and stomach, and not by the integumentary system.

4. DNA has both a 'sense' and 'antisense' strand. What is true about the antisense strand?

A. It runs 5' to 3'.
B. It runs 3' to 5'.
C. It is used in replication.
D. It is the direction in which DNA is stored.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The antisense strand runs 3' to 5', which is opposite to the direction of the sense strand. It serves as the template strand for transcription, where an RNA molecule is synthesized complementary to the antisense strand. Choice A is incorrect because the antisense strand runs in the opposite direction. Choice C is incorrect as the antisense strand is primarily involved in transcription, not replication. Choice D is incorrect as the direction of DNA storage is not determined by the antisense strand.

5. What initiates the process of coagulation?

A. When blood changes from a gel to liquid form.
B. Begins instantly after a blood vessel has been damaged.
C. A simple single-phase response of the blood drying upon contact with the air.
D. Also known as clotting, or the formation of fibrin.

Correct answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B. The process of coagulation, also known as blood clotting, begins instantly after a blood vessel has been damaged. When a blood vessel is injured, the body quickly responds by initiating a cascade of reactions to form a blood clot, which helps to stop bleeding and promote healing. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because coagulation does not occur just when blood changes from a gel to liquid form, it is not a response of blood drying upon contact with air, and it is not simply the formation of fibrin. The primary trigger for coagulation is vascular injury.