Nursing Elites

1. Histograms use ________, and bar graphs do not.

• A. Ranges
• B. Categories
• C. Labels
• D. Percentages

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Correct Answer: Ranges. Histograms utilize ranges (intervals) to display the frequency distribution of continuous data, highlighting the frequency of values falling within each interval. Bar graphs, on the other hand, represent discrete data using separate and distinct bars to show comparisons between different categories or groups. Choice B (Categories) is incorrect because both histograms and bar graphs can display data based on categories, but histograms use ranges to group continuous data. Choice C (Labels) is incorrect as both types of graphs can have labels to provide context and information. Choice D (Percentages) is incorrect because percentages can be used in both histograms and bar graphs to show proportions, but they are not a defining feature that distinguishes histograms from bar graphs.

2. Which unit of measurement is larger, inches or centimeters?

• A. Inches are larger
• B. Centimeters are larger
• C. They are the same size
• D. It depends on the measurement

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Inches are larger than centimeters. This is because one inch is equivalent to 2.54 centimeters. Therefore, when comparing the two units, inches are greater in length than centimeters. Choice B is incorrect as centimeters are smaller than inches. Choice C is incorrect as inches and centimeters are not the same size. Choice D is incorrect as the relationship between inches and centimeters is fixed, with inches being larger in general.

3. What is a prime number?

• A. A number divisible by only 1 and itself
• B. A number divisible by 2 and 3
• C. A number divisible by any number
• D. A number with exactly three factors

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'A number divisible by only 1 and itself.' A prime number is a natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers. This definition aligns with choice A. Choice B is incorrect because not all prime numbers are divisible by 2 and 3. Choice C is incorrect as prime numbers are not divisible by any number other than 1 and themselves. Choice D is incorrect because a prime number has exactly two factors, 1 and itself, not three factors.

4. A certain exam has 30 questions. A student gets 1 point for each question answered correctly and loses half a point for each question answered incorrectly; no points are gained or lost for questions left blank. If x represents the number of questions a student answers correctly and y represents the number of questions left blank, which of the following expressions represents the student's score on the exam?

• A. x - y/2
• B. x - y
• C. 30 - (x + y)
• D. 30 - x - y/2

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The student's score is calculated by adding the points earned for correct answers (x) and subtracting the points lost for incorrect answers (y/2). Therefore, the expression for the student's score on the exam is x - y/2. Option A is correct because it accurately represents this calculation. Option B (x - y) is incorrect as it does not account for the penalty of losing half a point for each incorrect answer. Option C (30 - (x + y)) is incorrect as it subtracts the total number of questions from the sum of correct and blank answers, which does not represent the scoring system. Option D (30 - x - y/2) is also incorrect as it incorrectly subtracts x from 30 and then deducts y divided by 2, which is not the correct scoring method for the exam.

5. Express 18/5 as a reduced mixed number.

• A. 3 3/5
• B. 3 1/15
• C. 3 1/18
• D. 3 1/54

Correct answer: A

Rationale: To convert the improper fraction 18/5 to a mixed number, divide 18 by 5. The quotient is 3 with a remainder of 3, which translates to 3 3/5. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the conversion of 18/5 to a mixed number.

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