four different groups of the same species of peas are grown and exposed to differing levels of sunlight water and fertilizer as documented in the tabl

ATI TEAS 7

ATI TEAS Science Questions

1. Four different groups of the same species of peas are grown and exposed to differing levels of sunlight, water, and fertilizer as documented in the table below. The data in the water and fertilizer columns indicate how many times the peas are watered or fertilized per week, respectively. Group 2 is the only group that withered. What is a reasonable explanation for this occurrence? Group Sunlight Water Fertilizer 1 partial sun 4 mL/hr 1 2 full sun 7 mL/hr 1 3 no sun 14 mL/hr 2 4 partial sun 3 mL/hr 2

A. Insects gnawed away at the stem of the plant.
B. The roots rotted due to poor drainage.
C. The soil type had nutritional deficiencies.
D. This species of peas does not thrive in full sunlight.

Correct answer: D

Rationale: Group 2, the only group that withered, was exposed to full sun. This suggests that the species of peas being studied does not thrive in full sunlight, leading to its deterioration compared to the other groups with different light exposures. Choices A, B, and C are not the correct explanations for the withering of Group 2. There is no mention of insects in the stem, poor drainage, or soil nutritional deficiencies in the scenario provided. The key factor that sets Group 2 apart from the others is the full sunlight exposure, indicating that the species of peas is not suited for such conditions.

2. What is the action of the triceps reflex?

A. Forces contraction of the triceps and extension of the arm.
B. Forces contraction of the biceps, relaxation of the biceps, and arm extension.
C. Causes the triceps to contract, causing the forearm to supinate and flex.
D. Causes the triceps to relax and the upper arm to pronate and extend.

Correct answer: A

Rationale: The triceps reflex causes the triceps muscle to contract, leading to the extension of the arm. This reflex is a protective response to sudden stretching of the triceps muscle, as seen when a physician taps the triceps tendon during a physical examination. Choice A is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the action of the triceps reflex. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they describe actions that are not associated with the triceps reflex. Biceps contraction, forearm supination, flexion, triceps relaxation, and pronation are not part of the triceps reflex arc.

3. What is the term for a genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome?

A. Autosomal dominant disorder
B. Autosomal recessive disorder
C. Sex-linked recessive disorder
D. Sex-linked dominant disorder

Correct answer: C

Rationale: A genetic disorder caused by a mutation on the X chromosome is termed a sex-linked recessive disorder (Option C). This type of disorder is more commonly seen in males due to their single X chromosome, making them more vulnerable to X-linked mutations. Females have two X chromosomes, providing a protective effect against X-linked disorders.\n- Autosomal dominant disorders (Option A) result from a mutation in one copy of a gene on non-sex chromosomes (autosomes) and are not specifically related to the X chromosome.\n- Autosomal recessive disorders (Option B) occur due to mutations in both copies of a gene on autosomes, not on the X chromosome.\n- Sex-linked dominant disorders (Option D) are rare and lead to more severe symptoms in males as they only require one copy of the mutated gene on the X chromosome to express the disorder. However, this is not the term for a genetic disorder caused by an X chromosome mutation.

4. What is the term for a solution with a pH value less than 7?

A. Acidic
B. Neutral
C. Alkaline
D. Basic

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Solutions with a pH less than 7 are classified as acidic. pH values below 7 indicate an acidic solution, which means it has a higher concentration of hydrogen ions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they describe neutral (pH 7), alkaline (pH greater than 7), and basic (another term for alkaline), respectively, which are not applicable to solutions with a pH less than 7.

5. What are substances that stimulate adaptive immunity called?

A. Peptides
B. Phagocytes
C. Prions
D. Platelets

Correct answer: A

Rationale: Substances that stimulate adaptive immunity are called peptides. Peptides are short chains of amino acids that play a crucial role in activating the immune response by interacting with immune cells such as T cells and B cells. Peptides are important in antigen presentation and recognition, leading to the development of specific immune responses against pathogens. Choice B, phagocytes, are cells that engulf and digest pathogens but are not substances that stimulate adaptive immunity. Choice C, prions, are infectious agents made of misfolded proteins and are not related to stimulating adaptive immunity. Choice D, platelets, are cell fragments involved in blood clotting and have no direct role in stimulating adaptive immunity.